add a keyboard shortcut for opening amiibo .bin files (#461)

[ci skip]

.github/labeler.yml

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ kernel:
 
 infra:
 - changed-files:
-  - any-glob-to-any-file: ['.github/**', 'distribution/**', 'Directory.Packages.props']
+  - any-glob-to-any-file: ['.github/**', 'distribution/**', 'Directory.Packages.props', 'src/Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks/**']
 
 documentation:
 - changed-files:

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -64,14 +64,9 @@ jobs:
         run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish -p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" -p:DebugType=embedded -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" -p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER src/Ryujinx --self-contained 
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && matrix.platform.os != 'macos-13'
 
-      - name: Publish Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2
-        run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_sdl2_headless -p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" -p:DebugType=embedded -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" -p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER src/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained
-        if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && matrix.platform.os != 'macos-13'
-
       - name: Set executable bit
         run: |
           chmod +x ./publish/Ryujinx ./publish/Ryujinx.sh
-          chmod +x ./publish_sdl2_headless/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 ./publish_sdl2_headless/Ryujinx.sh
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && matrix.platform.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
 
       - name: Build AppImage
@@ -119,13 +114,6 @@ jobs:
           name: ryujinx-${{ matrix.configuration }}-${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}+${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}-AppImage
           path: publish_appimage
 
-      - name: Upload Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: nogui-ryujinx-${{ matrix.configuration }}-${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}+${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}
-          path: publish_sdl2_headless
-        if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && matrix.platform.os != 'macos-13'
-
   build_macos:
     name: macOS Universal (${{ matrix.configuration }})
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -171,20 +159,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_ava.sh . publish_tmp publish ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" "${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" "${{ matrix.configuration }}" "-p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER"
 
-      - name: Publish macOS Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2
-        run: |
-          ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_headless.sh . publish_tmp_headless publish_headless ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" "${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" "${{ matrix.configuration }}" "-p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER"
-
       - name: Upload Ryujinx artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: ryujinx-${{ matrix.configuration }}-${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}+${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}-macos_universal
           path: "publish/*.tar.gz"
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
-
-      - name: Upload Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: nogui-ryujinx-${{ matrix.configuration }}-${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}+${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}-macos_universal
-          path: "publish_headless/*.tar.gz"
-        if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'

.github/workflows/canary.yml

@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ env:
   DOTNET_CLI_TELEMETRY_OPTOUT: 1
   RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION: "1.2"
   RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_NAME: "canary"
-  RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER: "GreemDev"
+  RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER: "Ryubing"
   RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_SOURCE_REPO: "Ryujinx"
-  RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO: "Ryujinx-Canary"
+  RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO: "Canary-Releases"
   RELEASE: 1
 
 jobs:
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ jobs:
         with:
           script: |
             github.rest.git.createRef({
-              owner: context.repo.owner,
-              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              owner: "${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}",
+              repo: "${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_SOURCE_REPO }}",
               ref: 'refs/tags/Canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}',
               sha: context.sha
             })
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ jobs:
             | Windows 64-bit | [Canary Windows Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-win_x64.zip) |
             | Linux 64-bit | [Canary Linux Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_x64.tar.gz) |
             | Linux ARM 64-bit | [Canary Linux ARM Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_arm64.tar.gz) |
-            | macOS | [Canary macOS artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-macos_universal.app.tar.gz) |
+            | macOS | [Canary macOS Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-macos_universal.app.tar.gz) |
             
             **Full Changelog**: https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_SOURCE_REPO }}/compare/Canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.prev_build_version }}...Canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           omitBodyDuringUpdate: true
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Publish
         run: |
           dotnet publish -c Release -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_ava/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded src/Ryujinx --self-contained
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_sdl2_headless/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded src/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained
 
       - name: Packing Windows builds
         if: matrix.platform.os == 'windows-latest'
@@ -125,11 +124,6 @@ jobs:
           rm publish/libarmeilleure-jitsupport.dylib
           7z a ../release_output/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.zip publish
           popd
-
-          pushd publish_sdl2_headless
-          rm publish/libarmeilleure-jitsupport.dylib
-          7z a ../release_output/nogui-ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.zip publish
-          popd
         shell: bash
 
       - name: Packing Linux builds
@@ -140,12 +134,6 @@ jobs:
           chmod +x publish/Ryujinx.sh publish/Ryujinx
           tar -czvf ../release_output/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.tar.gz publish
           popd
-
-          pushd publish_sdl2_headless
-          rm publish/libarmeilleure-jitsupport.dylib
-          chmod +x publish/Ryujinx.sh publish/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2
-          tar -czvf ../release_output/nogui-ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.tar.gz publish
-          popd
         shell: bash
       
       #- name: Build AppImage (Linux)
@@ -191,21 +179,21 @@ jobs:
         with:
           name: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           artifacts: "release_output/*.tar.gz,release_output/*.zip"
-          #artifacts: "release_output/*.tar.gz,release_output/*.zip/*AppImage*"
+          #artifacts: "release_output/*.tar.gz,release_output/*.zip,release_output/*AppImage*"
           tag: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           body: |
             # Canary builds:
             
-            These builds are experimental and may sometimes not work, use [regular builds](https://github.com/GreemDev/Ryujinx/releases/latest) instead if that sounds like something you don't want to deal with.
-
+            These builds are experimental and may sometimes not work, use [regular builds](https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/latest) instead if that sounds like something you don't want to deal with.
+            
             | Platform | Artifact |
             |--|--|
-            | Windows 64-bit | https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-win_x64.zip |
-            | Linux 64-bit | https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_x64.tar.gz |
-            | Linux ARM 64-bit | https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_arm64.tar.gz |
-            | macOS | https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-macos_universal.app.tar.gz |
+            | Windows 64-bit | [Canary Windows Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-win_x64.zip) |
+            | Linux 64-bit | [Canary Linux Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_x64.tar.gz) |
+            | Linux ARM 64-bit | [Canary Linux ARM Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_arm64.tar.gz) |
+            | macOS | [Canary macOS Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-macos_universal.app.tar.gz) |
             
-            "**Full Changelog**: https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_SOURCE_REPO }}/compare/Canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.prev_build_version }}...Canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}"
+            **Full Changelog**: https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_SOURCE_REPO }}/compare/Canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.prev_build_version }}...Canary-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           omitBodyDuringUpdate: true
           allowUpdates: true
           replacesArtifacts: true
@@ -262,15 +250,11 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_ava.sh . publish_tmp_ava publish_ava ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" Release 1
 
-      - name: Publish macOS Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2
-        run: |
-          ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_headless.sh . publish_tmp_headless publish_headless ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" Release 1
-
       - name: Pushing new release
         uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1
         with:
           name: "Canary ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}"
-          artifacts: "publish_ava/*.tar.gz, publish_headless/*.tar.gz"
+          artifacts: "publish_ava/*.tar.gz"
           tag: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           body: ""
           omitBodyDuringUpdate: true

.github/workflows/nightly_pr_comment.yml

@@ -37,21 +37,17 @@ jobs:
             if (!artifacts.length) {
               return core.error(`No artifacts found`);
             }
-            let body = `Download the artifacts for this pull request:\n`;
-            let hidden_headless_artifacts = `\n\n <details><summary>GUI-less</summary>\n`;
+            let body = `*You need to be logged into GitHub to download these files.*\n\nDownload the artifacts for this pull request:\n`;
             let hidden_debug_artifacts = `\n\n <details><summary>Only for Developers</summary>\n`;
             for (const art of artifacts) {
+              const url = `https://github.com/Ryubing/Ryujinx/actions/runs/${run_id}/artifacts/${art.id}`;
               if(art.name.includes('Debug')) {
-                hidden_debug_artifacts += `\n* [${art.name}](https://nightly.link/${owner}/${repo}/actions/artifacts/${art.id}.zip)`;
-              } else if(art.name.includes('nogui-ryujinx')) {
-                hidden_headless_artifacts += `\n* [${art.name}](https://nightly.link/${owner}/${repo}/actions/artifacts/${art.id}.zip)`;
+                hidden_debug_artifacts += `\n* [${art.name}](${url})`;
               } else {
-                body += `\n* [${art.name}](https://nightly.link/${owner}/${repo}/actions/artifacts/${art.id}.zip)`;
+                body += `\n* [${art.name}](${url})`;
               }
             }
-            hidden_headless_artifacts += `\n</details>`;
             hidden_debug_artifacts += `\n</details>`;
-            body += hidden_headless_artifacts;
             body += hidden_debug_artifacts;
 
             const {data: comments} = await github.rest.issues.listComments({repo, owner, issue_number});

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ env:
   DOTNET_CLI_TELEMETRY_OPTOUT: 1
   RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION: "1.2"
   RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_NAME: "release"
-  RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER: "GreemDev"
+  RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER: "Ryubing"
   RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO: "Ryujinx"
   RELEASE: 1
 
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ jobs:
         with:
           script: |
             github.rest.git.createRef({
-              owner: context.repo.owner,
-              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              owner: "${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}",
+              repo: "${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}",
               ref: 'refs/tags/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}',
               sha: context.sha
             })
@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ jobs:
           name: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           tag: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           body: |
-            # Regular builds:
+            # Stable builds:
             | Platform | Artifact |
             |--|--|
-            | Windows 64-bit | [Release Windows Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-win_x64.zip) |
-            | Linux 64-bit | [Release Linux Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_x64.tar.gz) |
-            | Linux ARM 64-bit | [Release Linux ARM Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_arm64.tar.gz) |
-            | macOS | [Release macOS Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-macos_universal.app.tar.gz) |
+            | Windows 64-bit | [Stable Windows Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-win_x64.zip) |
+            | Linux 64-bit | [Stable Linux Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_x64.tar.gz) |
+            | Linux ARM 64-bit | [Stable Linux ARM Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_arm64.tar.gz) |
+            | macOS | [Stable macOS Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-macos_universal.app.tar.gz) |
             
             **Full Changelog**: https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/compare/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.prev_build_version }}...${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           omitBodyDuringUpdate: true
@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Publish
         run: |
           dotnet publish -c Release -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded src/Ryujinx --self-contained
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_sdl2_headless -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded src/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained
 
       - name: Packing Windows builds
         if: matrix.platform.os == 'windows-latest'
@@ -121,11 +120,6 @@ jobs:
           rm libarmeilleure-jitsupport.dylib
           7z a ../release_output/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.zip ../publish
           popd
-
-          pushd publish_sdl2_headless
-          rm libarmeilleure-jitsupport.dylib
-          7z a ../release_output/nogui-ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.zip ../publish
-          popd
         shell: bash
       
       - name: Build AppImage (Linux)
@@ -172,11 +166,6 @@ jobs:
           chmod +x Ryujinx.sh Ryujinx
           tar -czvf ../release_output/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.tar.gz ../publish
           popd
-
-          pushd publish_sdl2_headless
-          chmod +x Ryujinx.sh Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2
-          tar -czvf ../release_output/nogui-ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.tar.gz ../publish
-          popd
         shell: bash
 
       - name: Pushing new release
@@ -186,15 +175,15 @@ jobs:
           artifacts: "release_output/*.tar.gz,release_output/*.zip,release_output/*AppImage*"
           tag: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           body: |
-            # Regular builds:
+            # Stable builds:
             | Platform | Artifact |
             |--|--|
-            | Windows 64-bit | https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-win_x64.zip |
-            | Linux 64-bit | https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_x64.tar.gz |
-            | Linux ARM 64-bit | https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_arm64.tar.gz |
-            | macOS | https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-macos_universal.app.tar.gz |
-          
-            "**Full Changelog**: https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/compare/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.prev_build_version }}...${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}"
+            | Windows 64-bit | [Stable Windows Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-win_x64.zip) |
+            | Linux 64-bit | [Stable Linux Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_x64.tar.gz) |
+            | Linux ARM 64-bit | [Stable Linux ARM Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-linux_arm64.tar.gz) |
+            | macOS | [Stable macOS Artifact](https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/releases/download/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-macos_universal.app.tar.gz) |
+            
+            **Full Changelog**: https://github.com/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}/${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}/compare/${{ steps.version_info.outputs.prev_build_version }}...${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           omitBodyDuringUpdate: true
           allowUpdates: true
           replacesArtifacts: true
@@ -251,15 +240,11 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_ava.sh . publish_tmp_ava publish ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" Release 0
 
-      - name: Publish macOS Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2
-        run: |
-          ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_headless.sh . publish_tmp_headless publish_headless ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" Release 0
-
       - name: Pushing new release
         uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1
         with:
           name: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
-          artifacts: "publish/*.tar.gz, publish_headless/*.tar.gz"
+          artifacts: "publish/*.tar.gz"
           tag: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
           body: ""
           omitBodyDuringUpdate: true

Directory.Packages.props

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
     <PackageVersion Include="Projektanker.Icons.Avalonia.FontAwesome" Version="9.4.0"/>
     <PackageVersion Include="Projektanker.Icons.Avalonia.MaterialDesign" Version="9.4.0"/>
     <PackageVersion Include="CommandLineParser" Version="2.9.1" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="CommunityToolkit.Mvvm" Version="8.4.0"/>
     <PackageVersion Include="Concentus" Version="2.2.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="DiscordRichPresence" Version="1.2.1.24" />
     <PackageVersion Include="DynamicData" Version="9.0.4" />
@@ -41,9 +42,10 @@
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Dependencies" Version="5.0.3-build14" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Dependencies.MoltenVK" Version="1.2.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.SDL2-CS" Version="2.30.0-build32" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Gommon" Version="2.6.8" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Gommon" Version="2.7.0.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="securifybv.ShellLink" Version="0.1.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="shaderc.net" Version="0.1.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="SharpMetal" Version="1.0.0-preview21" />
     <PackageVersion Include="SharpZipLib" Version="1.4.2" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan" Version="2.21.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.EXT" Version="2.21.0" />

Ryujinx.sln

@@ -57,14 +57,10 @@ Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.SDL2.Common", "src\
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2", "src\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2.csproj", "{D99A395A-8569-4DB0-B336-900647890052}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2", "src\Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2\Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2.csproj", "{390DC343-5CB4-4C79-A5DD-E3ED235E4C49}"
-EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg", "src\Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg\Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg.csproj", "{BEE1C184-C9A4-410B-8DFC-FB74D5C93AEB}"
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx", "src\Ryujinx\Ryujinx.csproj", "{7C1B2721-13DA-4B62-B046-C626605ECCE6}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.UI.Common", "src\Ryujinx.UI.Common\Ryujinx.UI.Common.csproj", "{BA161CA0-CD65-4E6E-B644-51C8D1E542DC}"
-EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Horizon.Generators", "src\Ryujinx.Horizon.Generators\Ryujinx.Horizon.Generators.csproj", "{6AE2A5E8-4C5A-48B9-997B-E1455C0355C6}"
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan", "src\Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan\Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.csproj", "{D4D09B08-D580-4D69-B886-C35D2853F6C8}"
@@ -81,6 +77,15 @@ Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Horizon.Kernel.Gene
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.HLE.Generators", "src\Ryujinx.HLE.Generators\Ryujinx.HLE.Generators.csproj", "{B575BCDE-2FD8-4A5D-8756-31CDD7FE81F0}"
 EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal", "src\Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal\Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.csproj", "{C08931FA-1191-417A-864F-3882D93E683B}"
+	ProjectSection(ProjectDependencies) = postProject
+		{A602AE97-91A5-4608-8DF1-EBF4ED7A0B9E} = {A602AE97-91A5-4608-8DF1-EBF4ED7A0B9E}
+	EndProjectSection
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks", "src\Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks\Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks.csproj", "{4A89A234-4F19-497D-A576-DDE8CDFC5B22}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions", "src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions\Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions.csproj", "{81EA598C-DBA1-40B0-8DA4-4796B78F2037}"
+EndProject
 Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Solution Items", "Solution Items", "{36F870C1-3E5F-485F-B426-F0645AF78751}"
 	ProjectSection(SolutionItems) = preProject
 		.editorconfig = .editorconfig
@@ -90,8 +95,6 @@ Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Solution Items", "Solution
 		.github\workflows\release.yml = .github\workflows\release.yml
 	EndProjectSection
 EndProject
-Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks", "src\Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks\Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks.csproj", "{4A89A234-4F19-497D-A576-DDE8CDFC5B22}"
-EndProject
 Global
 	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
 		Debug|Any CPU = Debug|Any CPU
@@ -206,10 +209,6 @@ Global
 		{D99A395A-8569-4DB0-B336-900647890052}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
 		{D99A395A-8569-4DB0-B336-900647890052}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
 		{D99A395A-8569-4DB0-B336-900647890052}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
-		{390DC343-5CB4-4C79-A5DD-E3ED235E4C49}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
-		{390DC343-5CB4-4C79-A5DD-E3ED235E4C49}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
-		{390DC343-5CB4-4C79-A5DD-E3ED235E4C49}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
-		{390DC343-5CB4-4C79-A5DD-E3ED235E4C49}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 		{BEE1C184-C9A4-410B-8DFC-FB74D5C93AEB}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
 		{BEE1C184-C9A4-410B-8DFC-FB74D5C93AEB}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
 		{BEE1C184-C9A4-410B-8DFC-FB74D5C93AEB}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
@@ -218,10 +217,6 @@ Global
 		{7C1B2721-13DA-4B62-B046-C626605ECCE6}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
 		{7C1B2721-13DA-4B62-B046-C626605ECCE6}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
 		{7C1B2721-13DA-4B62-B046-C626605ECCE6}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
-		{BA161CA0-CD65-4E6E-B644-51C8D1E542DC}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
-		{BA161CA0-CD65-4E6E-B644-51C8D1E542DC}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
-		{BA161CA0-CD65-4E6E-B644-51C8D1E542DC}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
-		{BA161CA0-CD65-4E6E-B644-51C8D1E542DC}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 		{6AE2A5E8-4C5A-48B9-997B-E1455C0355C6}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
 		{6AE2A5E8-4C5A-48B9-997B-E1455C0355C6}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
 		{6AE2A5E8-4C5A-48B9-997B-E1455C0355C6}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
@@ -254,9 +249,16 @@ Global
 		{B575BCDE-2FD8-4A5D-8756-31CDD7FE81F0}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
 		{B575BCDE-2FD8-4A5D-8756-31CDD7FE81F0}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
 		{B575BCDE-2FD8-4A5D-8756-31CDD7FE81F0}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{C08931FA-1191-417A-864F-3882D93E683B}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C08931FA-1191-417A-864F-3882D93E683B}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C08931FA-1191-417A-864F-3882D93E683B}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{C08931FA-1191-417A-864F-3882D93E683B}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 		{4A89A234-4F19-497D-A576-DDE8CDFC5B22}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
-		{4A89A234-4F19-497D-A576-DDE8CDFC5B22}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
 		{4A89A234-4F19-497D-A576-DDE8CDFC5B22}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{81EA598C-DBA1-40B0-8DA4-4796B78F2037}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{81EA598C-DBA1-40B0-8DA4-4796B78F2037}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{81EA598C-DBA1-40B0-8DA4-4796B78F2037}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{81EA598C-DBA1-40B0-8DA4-4796B78F2037}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 	EndGlobalSection
 	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
 		HideSolutionNode = FALSE

distribution/linux/appimage/build-appimage.sh

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ mkdir -p AppDir/usr/bin
 
 cp distribution/linux/Ryujinx.desktop AppDir/Ryujinx.desktop
 cp distribution/linux/appimage/AppRun AppDir/AppRun
-cp src/Ryujinx.UI.Common/Resources/Logo_Ryujinx.png AppDir/Ryujinx.svg
+cp distribution/misc/Logo.svg AppDir/Ryujinx.svg
 
 
 cp -r "$BUILDDIR"/* AppDir/usr/bin/

src/ARMeilleure/Translation/PTC/PtcProfiler.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using ARMeilleure.State;
+using Humanizer;
 using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
@@ -58,8 +59,8 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
         {
             _ptc = ptc;
 
-            _timer = new Timer(SaveInterval * 1000d);
-            _timer.Elapsed += PreSave;
+            _timer = new Timer(SaveInterval.Seconds());
+            _timer.Elapsed += TimerElapsed;
 
             _outerHeaderMagic = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt64LittleEndian(EncodingCache.UTF8NoBOM.GetBytes(OuterHeaderMagicString).AsSpan());
 
@@ -72,6 +73,9 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
             Enabled = false;
         }
 
+        private void TimerElapsed(object _, ElapsedEventArgs __) 
+            => new Thread(PreSave) { Name = "Ptc.DiskWriter" }.Start();
+
         public void AddEntry(ulong address, ExecutionMode mode, bool highCq)
         {
             if (IsAddressInStaticCodeRange(address))
@@ -262,7 +266,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
             compressedStream.SetLength(0L);
         }
 
-        private void PreSave(object source, ElapsedEventArgs e)
+        private void PreSave()
         {
             _waitEvent.Reset();
 
@@ -428,7 +432,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
             {
                 _disposed = true;
 
-                _timer.Elapsed -= PreSave;
+                _timer.Elapsed -= TimerElapsed;
                 _timer.Dispose();
 
                 Wait();

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Backends/Dummy/DummyHardwareDeviceDriver.cs

@@ -9,20 +9,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.Dummy
 {
     public class DummyHardwareDeviceDriver : IHardwareDeviceDriver
     {
-        private readonly ManualResetEvent _updateRequiredEvent;
-        private readonly ManualResetEvent _pauseEvent;
+        private readonly ManualResetEvent _updateRequiredEvent = new(false);
+        private readonly ManualResetEvent _pauseEvent = new(true);
 
         public static bool IsSupported => true;
 
-        public float Volume { get; set; }
-
-        public DummyHardwareDeviceDriver()
-        {
-            _updateRequiredEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);
-            _pauseEvent = new ManualResetEvent(true);
-
-            Volume = 1f;
-        }
+        public float Volume { get; set; } = 1f;
 
         public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount)
         {
@@ -60,7 +52,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.Dummy
             Dispose(true);
         }
 
-        protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
+        private void Dispose(bool disposing)
         {
             if (disposing)
             {

src/Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks/IValidationTask.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks
+{
+    public interface IValidationTask
+    {
+        public bool Execute(string projectPath, bool isGitRunner);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks/LocaleValidationTask.cs

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-using System;
-using Microsoft.Build.Utilities;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Linq;
-using System.IO;
-using Newtonsoft.Json;
-using Microsoft.Build.Framework;
-
-namespace Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks
-{
-    public class LocaleValidationTask : Task
-    {
-        public override bool Execute()
-        {
-            string path = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;
-
-            if (path.Split(new string[] { "src" }, StringSplitOptions.None).Length == 1 )
-            {
-                //i assume that we are in a build directory in the solution dir
-                path = new FileInfo(path).Directory.Parent.GetDirectories("src")[0].GetDirectories("Ryujinx")[0].GetDirectories("Assets")[0].GetFiles("locales.json")[0].FullName;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                path = path.Split(new string[] { "src" }, StringSplitOptions.None)[0];
-                path = new FileInfo(path).Directory.GetDirectories("src")[0].GetDirectories("Ryujinx")[0].GetDirectories("Assets")[0].GetFiles("locales.json")[0].FullName;
-            }
-
-            string data;
-
-            using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(path))
-            {
-                data = sr.ReadToEnd();
-            }
-
-            LocalesJson json = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<LocalesJson>(data);
-
-            for (int i = 0; i < json.Locales.Count; i++)
-            {
-                LocalesEntry locale = json.Locales[i];
-
-                foreach (string language in json.Languages)
-                {
-                    if (!locale.Translations.ContainsKey(language))
-                    {
-                        locale.Translations.Add(language, "");
-                        Log.LogMessage(MessageImportance.High, $"Added {{{language}}} to Locale {{{locale.ID}}}");
-                    }
-                }
-
-                locale.Translations = locale.Translations.OrderBy(pair => pair.Key).ToDictionary(pair => pair.Key, pair => pair.Value);
-                json.Locales[i] = locale;
-            }
-
-            string jsonString = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(json, Formatting.Indented);
-
-            using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(path))
-            {
-                sw.Write(jsonString);
-            }
-
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        struct LocalesJson
-        {
-            public List<string> Languages { get; set; }
-            public List<LocalesEntry> Locales { get; set; }
-        }
-
-        struct LocalesEntry
-        {
-            public string ID { get; set; }
-            public Dictionary<string, string> Translations { get; set; }
-        }
-    }
-}

src/Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks/LocalesValidationTask.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Text.Json;
+using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks
+{
+    public class LocalesValidationTask : IValidationTask
+    {
+        public LocalesValidationTask() { }
+
+        public bool Execute(string projectPath, bool isGitRunner)
+        {
+            Console.WriteLine("Running Locale Validation Task...");
+
+            string path = projectPath + "src/Ryujinx/Assets/locales.json";
+            string data;
+
+            using (StreamReader sr = new(path))
+            {
+                data = sr.ReadToEnd();
+            }
+
+            LocalesJson json;
+
+            if (isGitRunner && data.Contains("\r\n"))
+                throw new FormatException("locales.json is using CRLF line endings! It should be using LF line endings, build locally to fix...");
+
+            try
+            {
+                json = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<LocalesJson>(data);
+
+            }
+            catch (JsonException e)
+            {
+                throw new JsonException(e.Message); //shorter and easier stacktrace
+            }
+
+
+
+            bool encounteredIssue = false;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < json.Locales.Count; i++)
+            {
+                LocalesEntry locale = json.Locales[i];
+
+                foreach (string langCode in json.Languages.Where(lang => !locale.Translations.ContainsKey(lang)))
+                {
+                    encounteredIssue = true;
+
+                    if (!isGitRunner)
+                    {
+                        locale.Translations.Add(langCode, string.Empty);
+                        Console.WriteLine($"Added '{langCode}' to Locale '{locale.ID}'");
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        Console.WriteLine($"Missing '{langCode}' in Locale '{locale.ID}'!");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                foreach (string langCode in json.Languages.Where(lang => locale.Translations.ContainsKey(lang) && lang != "en_US" && locale.Translations[lang] == locale.Translations["en_US"]))
+                {
+                    encounteredIssue = true;
+
+                    if (!isGitRunner)
+                    {
+                        locale.Translations[langCode] = string.Empty;
+                        Console.WriteLine($"Lanugage '{langCode}' is a duplicate of en_US in Locale '{locale.ID}'! Resetting it...");
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        Console.WriteLine($"Lanugage '{langCode}' is a duplicate of en_US in Locale '{locale.ID}'!");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                locale.Translations = locale.Translations.OrderBy(pair => pair.Key).ToDictionary(pair => pair.Key, pair => pair.Value);
+                json.Locales[i] = locale;
+            }
+
+            if (isGitRunner && encounteredIssue)
+                throw new JsonException("1 or more locales are invalid!");
+
+            JsonSerializerOptions jsonOptions = new JsonSerializerOptions()
+            {
+                WriteIndented = true,
+                NewLine = "\n",
+                Encoder = JavaScriptEncoder.UnsafeRelaxedJsonEscaping
+            };
+
+            string jsonString = JsonSerializer.Serialize(json, jsonOptions);
+
+            using (StreamWriter sw = new(path))
+            {
+                sw.Write(jsonString);
+            }
+
+            Console.WriteLine("Finished Locale Validation Task!");
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        struct LocalesJson
+        {
+            public List<string> Languages { get; set; }
+            public List<LocalesEntry> Locales { get; set; }
+        }
+
+        struct LocalesEntry
+        {
+            public string ID { get; set; }
+            public Dictionary<string, string> Translations { get; set; }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks
+{
+    public class Program
+    {
+        static void Main(string[] args)
+        {
+            // Display the number of command line arguments.
+            if (args.Length == 0)
+                throw new ArgumentException("Error: too few arguments!");
+
+            string path = args[0];
+
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path))
+                throw new ArgumentException("Error: path is null or empty!");
+
+            if (!Path.Exists(path))
+                throw new FileLoadException($"path {{{path}}} does not exist!");
+
+            path = Path.GetFullPath(path);
+
+            if (!Directory.GetDirectories(path).Contains($"{path}src"))
+                throw new FileLoadException($"path {{{path}}} is not a valid ryujinx project!");
+
+            bool isGitRunner = path.Contains("runner") || path.Contains("D:\\a\\Ryujinx\\Ryujinx");
+            if (isGitRunner)
+                Console.WriteLine("Is Git Runner!");
+
+            // Run tasks
+            // Pass extra info needed in the task constructors
+            new LocalesValidationTask().Execute(path, isGitRunner);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks/Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks.csproj

@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>netstandard2.0</TargetFramework>
-    <CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>true</CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" />
-  </ItemGroup>
+  <Target Name="PostBuildTarget" AfterTargets="AfterBuild">
+    <Message Text="Running Validation Project" Importance="high" />
 
-  <UsingTask TaskName="Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks.LocaleValidationTask" TaskFactory="TaskHostFactory" AssemblyFile="$(OutDir)Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks.dll" />
-
-  <Target Name="LocalesJsonValidation" AfterTargets="AfterRebuild">
-    <LocaleValidationTask />
+    <Exec WorkingDirectory="$(ProjectDir)bin\Debug\$(TargetFramework)\"
+      Command="dotnet Ryujinx.BuildValidationTasks.dll &quot;$(ProjectDir)..\..\\&quot;" 
+      ConsoleToMsBuild="true"
+      Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == ''"
+      />
   </Target>
 
-</Project>
+</Project>

src/Ryujinx.Common/Configuration/AspectRatioExtensions.cs

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Configuration
 #pragma warning restore IDE0055
             };
         }
+        
+        
 
         public static float ToFloatY(this AspectRatio aspectRatio)
         {

src/Ryujinx.Common/Configuration/DirtyHack.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+using Gommon;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.Configuration
+{
+    [Flags]
+    public enum DirtyHack : byte
+    {
+        Xc2MenuSoftlockFix = 1,
+        ShaderTranslationDelay = 2
+    }
+
+    public readonly struct EnabledDirtyHack(DirtyHack hack, int value)
+    {
+        public DirtyHack Hack => hack;
+        public int Value => value;
+        
+        
+        
+        public ulong Pack() => Raw.PackBitFields(PackedFormat);
+
+        public static EnabledDirtyHack Unpack(ulong packedHack)
+        {
+            var unpackedFields = packedHack.UnpackBitFields(PackedFormat);
+            if (unpackedFields is not [var hack, var value])
+                throw new ArgumentException(nameof(packedHack));
+            
+            return new EnabledDirtyHack((DirtyHack)hack, (int)value);
+        }
+        
+        private uint[] Raw => [(uint)Hack, (uint)Value.CoerceAtLeast(0)];
+        
+        public static readonly byte[] PackedFormat = [8, 32];
+    }
+
+    public class DirtyHacks : Dictionary<DirtyHack, int>
+    {
+        public DirtyHacks(IEnumerable<EnabledDirtyHack> hacks) 
+            => hacks.ForEach(edh => Add(edh.Hack, edh.Value));
+
+        public DirtyHacks(ulong[] packedHacks) : this(packedHacks.Select(EnabledDirtyHack.Unpack)) {}
+
+        public ulong[] PackEntries() 
+            => Entries.Select(it => it.Pack()).ToArray();
+        
+        public EnabledDirtyHack[] Entries 
+            => this
+                .Select(it => new EnabledDirtyHack(it.Key, it.Value))
+                .ToArray();
+
+        public static implicit operator DirtyHacks(EnabledDirtyHack[] hacks) => new(hacks);
+        public static implicit operator DirtyHacks(ulong[] packedHacks) => new(packedHacks);
+
+        public new int this[DirtyHack hack] => TryGetValue(hack, out var value) ? value : -1;
+
+        public bool IsEnabled(DirtyHack hack) => ContainsKey(hack);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Common/Configuration/GraphicsBackend.cs

@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Configuration
     [JsonConverter(typeof(TypedStringEnumConverter<GraphicsBackend>))]
     public enum GraphicsBackend
     {
+        Auto,
         Vulkan,
         OpenGl,
+        Metal
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Common/Configuration/ScalingFilter.cs

@@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Configuration
         Bilinear,
         Nearest,
         Fsr,
+        Area,
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Common/Extensions/StreamExtensions.cs

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common
     public static class StreamExtensions
     {
         /// <summary>
-        /// Writes a <see cref="ReadOnlySpan{int}" /> to this stream.
+        /// Writes an int span to this stream.
         ///
         /// This default implementation converts each buffer value to a stack-allocated
-        /// byte array, then writes it to the Stream using <cref="System.Stream.Write(byte[])" />.
+        /// byte array, then writes it to the Stream using <see cref="Stream.Write(ReadOnlySpan{byte})" />.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="stream">The stream to be written to</param>
         /// <param name="buffer">The buffer of values to be written</param>

src/Ryujinx.Common/Helpers/ConsoleHelper.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 
-namespace Ryujinx.UI.Common.Helper
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.Helper
 {
     public static partial class ConsoleHelper
     {

src/Ryujinx.Common/Helpers/FileAssociationHelper.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 
-namespace Ryujinx.UI.Common.Helper
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.Helper
 {
     public static partial class FileAssociationHelper
     {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.UI.Common.Helper
 
                 if (uninstall)
                 {
-                    // If the types don't already exist, there's nothing to do and we can call this operation successful.
+                    // If the types don't already exist, there's nothing to do, and we can call this operation successful.
                     if (!AreMimeTypesRegisteredWindows())
                     {
                         return true;

src/Ryujinx.Common/Helpers/LinuxHelper.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 
-namespace Ryujinx.UI.Common.Helper
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.Helper
 {
     [SupportedOSPlatform("linux")]
     public static class LinuxHelper

src/Ryujinx.Common/Helpers/ObjectiveC.cs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 
-namespace Ryujinx.UI.Common.Helper
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.Helper
 {
     [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
     public static partial class ObjectiveC

src/Ryujinx.Common/Helpers/OpenHelper.cs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 
-namespace Ryujinx.UI.Common.Helper
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.Helper
 {
     public static partial class OpenHelper
     {

src/Ryujinx.Common/Logging/Logger.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Threading;
 
@@ -157,21 +158,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Logging
             _time.Restart();
         }
 
-        private static ILogTarget GetTarget(string targetName)
-        {
-            foreach (var target in _logTargets)
-            {
-                if (target.Name.Equals(targetName))
-                {
-                    return target;
-                }
-            }
-
-            return null;
-        }
+        private static ILogTarget GetTarget(string targetName) 
+            => _logTargets.FirstOrDefault(target => target.Name.Equals(targetName));
 
         public static void AddTarget(ILogTarget target)
         {
+            if (_logTargets.Any(t => t.Name == target.Name))
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
             _logTargets.Add(target);
 
             Updated += target.Log;

src/Ryujinx.Common/Logging/Targets/AsyncLogTargetWrapper.cs

@@ -27,11 +27,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Logging.Targets
 
         private readonly int _overflowTimeout;
 
-        string ILogTarget.Name { get => _target.Name; }
-
-        public AsyncLogTargetWrapper(ILogTarget target)
-            : this(target, -1)
-        { }
+        string ILogTarget.Name => _target.Name;
 
         public AsyncLogTargetWrapper(ILogTarget target, int queueLimit = -1, AsyncLogTargetOverflowAction overflowAction = AsyncLogTargetOverflowAction.Block)
         {

src/Ryujinx.Common/ReactiveObject.cs

@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common
     {
         public static void LogValueChange<T>(LogClass logClass, ReactiveEventArgs<T> eventArgs, string valueName)
         {
+            if (eventArgs.AreValuesEqual)
+                return;
+            
             string message = string.Create(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, $"{valueName} set to: {eventArgs.NewValue}");
 
             Logger.Info?.Print(logClass, message);
@@ -65,5 +68,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common
     {
         public T OldValue { get; } = oldValue;
         public T NewValue { get; } = newValue;
+
+        public bool AreValuesEqual
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                if (OldValue == null && NewValue == null)
+                    return true;
+
+                if (OldValue == null && NewValue != null)
+                    return false;
+                
+                if (OldValue != null && NewValue == null)
+                    return false;
+
+                return OldValue!.Equals(NewValue);
+            }
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Common/TitleIDs.cs

@@ -1,129 +1,51 @@
-using DiscordRPC;
-using Humanizer;
-using Humanizer.Localisation;
-using Ryujinx.Common;
-using Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes;
-using Ryujinx.UI.App.Common;
-using Ryujinx.UI.Common.Configuration;
+using Gommon;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
+using System;
 using System.Linq;
-using System.Text;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 
-namespace Ryujinx.UI.Common
+namespace Ryujinx.Common
 {
-    public static class DiscordIntegrationModule
+    public static class TitleIDs
     {
-        public static Timestamps StartedAt { get; set; }
-
-        private static string VersionString
-            => (ReleaseInformation.IsCanaryBuild ? "Canary " : string.Empty) + $"v{ReleaseInformation.Version}"; 
-
-        private static readonly string _description = 
-            ReleaseInformation.IsValid 
-                    ? $"{VersionString} {ReleaseInformation.ReleaseChannelOwner}/{ReleaseInformation.ReleaseChannelSourceRepo}@{ReleaseInformation.BuildGitHash}" 
-                    : "dev build";
-
-        private const string ApplicationId = "1293250299716173864";
-
-        private const int ApplicationByteLimit = 128;
-        private const string Ellipsis = "…";
-
-        private static DiscordRpcClient _discordClient;
-        private static RichPresence _discordPresenceMain;
-
-        public static void Initialize()
+        public static ReactiveObject<Optional<string>> CurrentApplication { get; set; } = new();
+        
+        public static GraphicsBackend SelectGraphicsBackend(string titleId, GraphicsBackend currentBackend)
         {
-            _discordPresenceMain = new RichPresence
+            switch (currentBackend)
             {
-                Assets = new Assets
-                {
-                    LargeImageKey = "ryujinx",
-                    LargeImageText = TruncateToByteLength(_description)
-                },
-                Details = "Main Menu",
-                State = "Idling",
-                Timestamps = StartedAt
-            };
-
-            ConfigurationState.Instance.EnableDiscordIntegration.Event += Update;
-        }
-
-        private static void Update(object sender, ReactiveEventArgs<bool> evnt)
-        {
-            if (evnt.OldValue != evnt.NewValue)
-            {
-                // If the integration was active, disable it and unload everything
-                if (evnt.OldValue)
-                {
-                    _discordClient?.Dispose();
-
-                    _discordClient = null;
-                }
-
-                // If we need to activate it and the client isn't active, initialize it
-                if (evnt.NewValue && _discordClient == null)
-                {
-                    _discordClient = new DiscordRpcClient(ApplicationId);
-
-                    _discordClient.Initialize();
-                    _discordClient.SetPresence(_discordPresenceMain);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        public static void SwitchToPlayingState(ApplicationMetadata appMeta, ProcessResult procRes)
-        {
-            _discordClient?.SetPresence(new RichPresence
-            {
-                Assets = new Assets
-                {
-                    LargeImageKey = _discordGameAssetKeys.Contains(procRes.ProgramIdText) ? procRes.ProgramIdText : "game",
-                    LargeImageText = TruncateToByteLength($"{appMeta.Title} (v{procRes.DisplayVersion})"),
-                    SmallImageKey = "ryujinx",
-                    SmallImageText = TruncateToByteLength(_description)
-                },
-                Details = TruncateToByteLength($"Playing {appMeta.Title}"),
-                State = appMeta.LastPlayed.HasValue && appMeta.TimePlayed.TotalSeconds > 5
-                    ? $"Total play time: {appMeta.TimePlayed.Humanize(2, false, maxUnit: TimeUnit.Hour)}"
-                    : "Never played",
-                Timestamps = Timestamps.Now
-            });
-        }
-
-        public static void SwitchToMainState() => _discordClient?.SetPresence(_discordPresenceMain);
-
-        private static string TruncateToByteLength(string input)
-        {
-            if (Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(input) <= ApplicationByteLimit)
-            {
-                return input;
+                case GraphicsBackend.OpenGl when OperatingSystem.IsMacOS():
+                    return GraphicsBackend.Vulkan;
+                case GraphicsBackend.Vulkan or GraphicsBackend.OpenGl or GraphicsBackend.Metal:
+                    return currentBackend;
             }
 
-            // Find the length to trim the string to guarantee we have space for the trailing ellipsis.
-            int trimLimit = ApplicationByteLimit - Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(Ellipsis);
+            if (!(OperatingSystem.IsMacOS() && RuntimeInformation.ProcessArchitecture is Architecture.Arm64))
+                return GraphicsBackend.Vulkan;
 
-            // Make sure the string is long enough to perform the basic trim.
-            // Amount of bytes != Length of the string
-            if (input.Length > trimLimit)
-            {
-                // Basic trim to best case scenario of 1 byte characters.
-                input = input[..trimLimit];
-            }
-
-            while (Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(input) > trimLimit)
-            {
-                // Remove one character from the end of the string at a time.
-                input = input[..^1];
-            }
-
-            return input.TrimEnd() + Ellipsis;
+            return GreatMetalTitles.ContainsIgnoreCase(titleId) ? GraphicsBackend.Metal : GraphicsBackend.Vulkan;
         }
+        
+        public static readonly string[] GreatMetalTitles =
+        [
+            "01006f8002326000", // Animal Crossings: New Horizons
+            "01009bf0072d4000", // Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker
+            "0100a5c00d162000", // Cuphead
+            "010023800d64a000", // Deltarune
+            "010028600EBDA000", // Mario 3D World
+            "0100152000022000", // Mario Kart 8 Deluxe
+            "01005CA01580E000", // Persona 5
+            "0100187003A36000", // Pokémon: Let's Go, Evoli!
+            "010003f003a34000", // Pokémon: Let's Go, Pikachu!
+            "01008C0016544000", // Sea of Stars
+            "01006A800016E000", // Smash Ultimate
+            "0100000000010000", // Super Mario Odyessy
+        ];
+        
+        public static string GetDiscordGameAsset(string titleId) 
+            => DiscordGameAssetKeys.Contains(titleId) ? titleId : "game";
 
-        public static void Exit()
-        {
-            _discordClient?.Dispose();
-        }
-
-        private static readonly string[] _discordGameAssetKeys =
+        public static readonly string[] DiscordGameAssetKeys =
         [
             "010055d009f78000", // Fire Emblem: Three Houses
             "0100a12011cc8000", // Fire Emblem: Shadow Dragon

src/Ryujinx.Common/UI/UserError.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-namespace Ryujinx.UI.Common
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.UI
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Represent a common error that could be reported to the user by the emulator.

src/Ryujinx.Common/Utilities/BitUtils.cs

@@ -40,5 +40,35 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common
 
             return (value >> 32) | (value << 32);
         }
+        
+        // Never actually written bit packing logic before, so I looked it up.
+        // This code is from https://gist.github.com/Alan-FGR/04938e93e2bffdf5802ceb218a37c195
+        
+        public static ulong PackBitFields(this uint[] values, byte[] bitFields)
+        {
+            ulong retVal = values[0]; //we set the first value right away
+            for (int f = 1; f < values.Length; f++)
+            {
+                retVal <<= bitFields[f]; // we shift the previous value
+                retVal += values[f];// and add our current value
+            }
+            return retVal;
+        }
+
+        public static uint[] UnpackBitFields(this ulong packed, byte[] bitFields)
+        {
+            int fields = bitFields.Length - 1; // number of fields to unpack
+            uint[] retArr = new uint[fields + 1]; // init return array
+            int curPos = 0; // current field bit position (start)
+            int lastEnd; // position where last field ended
+            for (int f = fields; f >= 0; f--) // loop from last
+            {
+                lastEnd = curPos; // we store where the last value ended
+                curPos += bitFields[f]; // we get where the current value starts
+                int leftShift = 64 - curPos; // we figure how much left shift we gotta apply for the other numbers to overflow into oblivion
+                retArr[f] = (uint)((packed << leftShift) >> leftShift + lastEnd); // we do magic
+            }
+            return retArr;
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvMemoryManager.cs

@@ -230,25 +230,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
         {
             if (size == 0)
             {
-                return Enumerable.Empty<HostMemoryRange>();
+                yield break;
             }
 
             var guestRegions = GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(va, size);
             if (guestRegions == null)
             {
-                return null;
+                yield break;
             }
 
-            var regions = new HostMemoryRange[guestRegions.Count];
-
-            for (int i = 0; i < regions.Length; i++)
+            foreach (var guestRegion in guestRegions)
             {
-                var guestRegion = guestRegions[i];
                 nint pointer = _backingMemory.GetPointer(guestRegion.Address, guestRegion.Size);
-                regions[i] = new HostMemoryRange((nuint)(ulong)pointer, guestRegion.Size);
+                yield return new HostMemoryRange((nuint)(ulong)pointer, guestRegion.Size);
             }
-
-            return regions;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
@@ -256,23 +251,24 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
         {
             if (size == 0)
             {
-                return Enumerable.Empty<MemoryRange>();
+                yield break;
             }
 
-            return GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(va, size);
+            foreach (var physicalRegion in GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(va, size))
+            {
+                yield return physicalRegion;
+            }
         }
 
-        private List<MemoryRange> GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(ulong va, ulong size)
+        private IEnumerable<MemoryRange> GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(ulong va, ulong size)
         {
             if (!ValidateAddress(va) || !ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
             {
-                return null;
+                yield break;
             }
 
             int pages = GetPagesCount(va, (uint)size, out va);
 
-            var regions = new List<MemoryRange>();
-
             ulong regionStart = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va);
             ulong regionSize = PageSize;
 
@@ -280,14 +276,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
             {
                 if (!ValidateAddress(va + PageSize))
                 {
-                    return null;
+                    yield break;
                 }
 
                 ulong newPa = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va + PageSize);
 
                 if (GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va) + PageSize != newPa)
                 {
-                    regions.Add(new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize));
+                    yield return new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize);
                     regionStart = newPa;
                     regionSize = 0;
                 }
@@ -296,9 +292,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
                 regionSize += PageSize;
             }
 
-            regions.Add(new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize));
-
-            return regions;
+            yield return new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize);
         }
 
         /// <remarks>

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManager.cs

@@ -250,25 +250,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
         {
             if (size == 0)
             {
-                return Enumerable.Empty<HostMemoryRange>();
+                yield break;
             }
 
             var guestRegions = GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(va, size);
             if (guestRegions == null)
             {
-                return null;
+                yield break;
             }
 
-            var regions = new HostMemoryRange[guestRegions.Count];
-
-            for (int i = 0; i < regions.Length; i++)
+            foreach (var guestRegion in guestRegions)
             {
-                var guestRegion = guestRegions[i];
                 nint pointer = _backingMemory.GetPointer(guestRegion.Address, guestRegion.Size);
-                regions[i] = new HostMemoryRange((nuint)(ulong)pointer, guestRegion.Size);
+                yield return new HostMemoryRange((nuint)(ulong)pointer, guestRegion.Size);
             }
-
-            return regions;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
@@ -276,23 +271,24 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
         {
             if (size == 0)
             {
-                return Enumerable.Empty<MemoryRange>();
+                yield break;
             }
 
-            return GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(va, size);
+            foreach (var physicalRegion in GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(va, size))
+            {
+                yield return physicalRegion;
+            }
         }
 
-        private List<MemoryRange> GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(ulong va, ulong size)
+        private IEnumerable<MemoryRange> GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(ulong va, ulong size)
         {
             if (!ValidateAddress(va) || !ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
             {
-                return null;
+                yield break;
             }
 
             int pages = GetPagesCount(va, (uint)size, out va);
 
-            var regions = new List<MemoryRange>();
-
             ulong regionStart = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va);
             ulong regionSize = PageSize;
 
@@ -300,14 +296,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
             {
                 if (!ValidateAddress(va + PageSize))
                 {
-                    return null;
+                    yield break;
                 }
 
                 ulong newPa = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va + PageSize);
 
                 if (GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va) + PageSize != newPa)
                 {
-                    regions.Add(new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize));
+                    yield return new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize);
                     regionStart = newPa;
                     regionSize = 0;
                 }
@@ -316,9 +312,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
                 regionSize += PageSize;
             }
 
-            regions.Add(new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize));
-
-            return regions;
+            yield return new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize);
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManagerHostTracked.cs

@@ -475,17 +475,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
             return GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(va, size);
         }
 
-        private List<MemoryRange> GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(ulong va, ulong size)
+        private IEnumerable<MemoryRange> GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(ulong va, ulong size)
         {
             if (!ValidateAddress(va) || !ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
             {
-                return null;
+                yield break;
             }
 
             int pages = GetPagesCount(va, (uint)size, out va);
 
-            var regions = new List<MemoryRange>();
-
             ulong regionStart = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va);
             ulong regionSize = PageSize;
 
@@ -493,14 +491,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
             {
                 if (!ValidateAddress(va + PageSize))
                 {
-                    return null;
+                    yield break;
                 }
 
                 ulong newPa = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va + PageSize);
 
                 if (GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va) + PageSize != newPa)
                 {
-                    regions.Add(new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize));
+                    yield return new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize);
                     regionStart = newPa;
                     regionSize = 0;
                 }
@@ -509,9 +507,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
                 regionSize += PageSize;
             }
 
-            regions.Add(new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize));
-
-            return regions;
+            yield return new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize);
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/LightningJit/CodeGen/Arm64/StackWalker.cs

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.CodeGen.Arm64
     {
         public IEnumerable<ulong> GetCallStack(nint framePointer, nint codeRegionStart, int codeRegionSize, nint codeRegion2Start, int codeRegion2Size)
         {
-            List<ulong> functionPointers = new();
-
             while (true)
             {
                 nint functionPointer = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(framePointer, nint.Size);
@@ -20,11 +18,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.CodeGen.Arm64
                     break;
                 }
 
-                functionPointers.Add((ulong)functionPointer - 4);
+                yield return (ulong)functionPointer - 4;
                 framePointer = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(framePointer);
             }
-
-            return functionPointers;
         }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/AntiAliasing.cs

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
-{
-    public enum AntiAliasing
-    {
-        None,
-        Fxaa,
-        SmaaLow,
-        SmaaMedium,
-        SmaaHigh,
-        SmaaUltra,
-    }
-}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/ComputeSize.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
+{
+    public readonly struct ComputeSize
+    {
+        public readonly static ComputeSize VtgAsCompute = new ComputeSize(32, 32, 1);
+
+        public readonly int X;
+        public readonly int Y;
+        public readonly int Z;
+
+        public ComputeSize(int x, int y, int z)
+        {
+            X = x;
+            Y = y;
+            Z = z;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Format.cs

@@ -339,6 +339,84 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
             return 1;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Get bytes per element for this format.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="format">Texture format</param>
+        /// <returns>Byte size for an element of this format (pixel, vertex attribute, etc)</returns>
+        public static int GetBytesPerElement(this Format format)
+        {
+            int scalarSize = format.GetScalarSize();
+
+            switch (format)
+            {
+                case Format.R8G8Unorm:
+                case Format.R8G8Snorm:
+                case Format.R8G8Uint:
+                case Format.R8G8Sint:
+                case Format.R8G8Uscaled:
+                case Format.R8G8Sscaled:
+                case Format.R16G16Float:
+                case Format.R16G16Unorm:
+                case Format.R16G16Snorm:
+                case Format.R16G16Uint:
+                case Format.R16G16Sint:
+                case Format.R16G16Uscaled:
+                case Format.R16G16Sscaled:
+                case Format.R32G32Float:
+                case Format.R32G32Uint:
+                case Format.R32G32Sint:
+                case Format.R32G32Uscaled:
+                case Format.R32G32Sscaled:
+                    return 2 * scalarSize;
+
+                case Format.R8G8B8Unorm:
+                case Format.R8G8B8Snorm:
+                case Format.R8G8B8Uint:
+                case Format.R8G8B8Sint:
+                case Format.R8G8B8Uscaled:
+                case Format.R8G8B8Sscaled:
+                case Format.R16G16B16Float:
+                case Format.R16G16B16Unorm:
+                case Format.R16G16B16Snorm:
+                case Format.R16G16B16Uint:
+                case Format.R16G16B16Sint:
+                case Format.R16G16B16Uscaled:
+                case Format.R16G16B16Sscaled:
+                case Format.R32G32B32Float:
+                case Format.R32G32B32Uint:
+                case Format.R32G32B32Sint:
+                case Format.R32G32B32Uscaled:
+                case Format.R32G32B32Sscaled:
+                    return 3 * scalarSize;
+
+                case Format.R8G8B8A8Unorm:
+                case Format.R8G8B8A8Snorm:
+                case Format.R8G8B8A8Uint:
+                case Format.R8G8B8A8Sint:
+                case Format.R8G8B8A8Srgb:
+                case Format.R8G8B8A8Uscaled:
+                case Format.R8G8B8A8Sscaled:
+                case Format.B8G8R8A8Unorm:
+                case Format.B8G8R8A8Srgb:
+                case Format.R16G16B16A16Float:
+                case Format.R16G16B16A16Unorm:
+                case Format.R16G16B16A16Snorm:
+                case Format.R16G16B16A16Uint:
+                case Format.R16G16B16A16Sint:
+                case Format.R16G16B16A16Uscaled:
+                case Format.R16G16B16A16Sscaled:
+                case Format.R32G32B32A32Float:
+                case Format.R32G32B32A32Uint:
+                case Format.R32G32B32A32Sint:
+                case Format.R32G32B32A32Uscaled:
+                case Format.R32G32B32A32Sscaled:
+                    return 4 * scalarSize;
+            }
+
+            return scalarSize;
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Checks if the texture format is a depth or depth-stencil format.
         /// </summary>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/IWindow.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
 using System;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/ThreadedWindow.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Commands.Window;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Model;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Resources;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/ShaderInfo.cs

@@ -4,23 +4,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
     {
         public int FragmentOutputMap { get; }
         public ResourceLayout ResourceLayout { get; }
+        public ComputeSize ComputeLocalSize { get; }
         public ProgramPipelineState? State { get; }
         public bool FromCache { get; set; }
 
-        public ShaderInfo(int fragmentOutputMap, ResourceLayout resourceLayout, ProgramPipelineState state, bool fromCache = false)
+        public ShaderInfo(
+            int fragmentOutputMap,
+            ResourceLayout resourceLayout,
+            ComputeSize computeLocalSize,
+            ProgramPipelineState? state,
+            bool fromCache = false)
         {
             FragmentOutputMap = fragmentOutputMap;
             ResourceLayout = resourceLayout;
+            ComputeLocalSize = computeLocalSize;
             State = state;
             FromCache = fromCache;
         }
-
-        public ShaderInfo(int fragmentOutputMap, ResourceLayout resourceLayout, bool fromCache = false)
-        {
-            FragmentOutputMap = fragmentOutputMap;
-            ResourceLayout = resourceLayout;
-            State = null;
-            FromCache = fromCache;
-        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/UpscaleType.cs

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
-{
-    public enum ScalingFilter
-    {
-        Bilinear,
-        Nearest,
-        Fsr,
-        Area,
-    }
-}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/VSyncMode.cs

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
-{
-    public enum VSyncMode
-    {
-        Switch,
-        Unbounded,
-        Custom
-    }
-}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Engine/Threed/ComputeDraw/VtgAsComputeContext.cs

@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Threed.ComputeDraw
     /// </summary>
     class VtgAsComputeContext : IDisposable
     {
-        private const int DummyBufferSize = 16;
-
         private readonly GpuContext _context;
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -48,7 +46,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Threed.ComputeDraw
                         1,
                         1,
                         1,
-                        1,
+                        format.GetBytesPerElement(),
                         format,
                         DepthStencilMode.Depth,
                         Target.TextureBuffer,
@@ -521,21 +519,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Threed.ComputeDraw
             return new BufferRange(_geometryIndexDataBuffer.Handle, offset, size, write);
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Gets the range for a dummy 16 bytes buffer, filled with zeros.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <returns>Dummy buffer range</returns>
-        public BufferRange GetDummyBufferRange()
-        {
-            if (_dummyBuffer == BufferHandle.Null)
-            {
-                _dummyBuffer = _context.Renderer.CreateBuffer(DummyBufferSize, BufferAccess.DeviceMemory);
-                _context.Renderer.Pipeline.ClearBuffer(_dummyBuffer, 0, DummyBufferSize, 0);
-            }
-
-            return new BufferRange(_dummyBuffer, 0, DummyBufferSize);
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets the range for a sequential index buffer, with ever incrementing index values.
         /// </summary>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Engine/Threed/ComputeDraw/VtgAsComputeState.cs

@@ -147,7 +147,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Threed.ComputeDraw
                 {
                     _vacContext.VertexInfoBufferUpdater.SetVertexStride(index, 0, componentsCount);
                     _vacContext.VertexInfoBufferUpdater.SetVertexOffset(index, 0, 0);
-                    SetDummyBufferTexture(_vertexAsCompute.Reservations, index, format);
                     continue;
                 }
 
@@ -163,15 +162,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Threed.ComputeDraw
                 {
                     _vacContext.VertexInfoBufferUpdater.SetVertexStride(index, 0, componentsCount);
                     _vacContext.VertexInfoBufferUpdater.SetVertexOffset(index, 0, 0);
-                    SetDummyBufferTexture(_vertexAsCompute.Reservations, index, format);
                     continue;
                 }
 
                 int vbStride = vertexBuffer.UnpackStride();
                 ulong vbSize = GetVertexBufferSize(address, endAddress.Pack(), vbStride, _indexed, instanced, _firstVertex, _count);
 
-                ulong oldVbSize = vbSize;
-
                 ulong attributeOffset = (ulong)vertexAttrib.UnpackOffset();
                 int componentSize = format.GetScalarSize();
 
@@ -345,20 +341,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Threed.ComputeDraw
             return maxOutputVertices / verticesPerPrimitive;
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Binds a dummy buffer as vertex buffer into a buffer texture.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="reservations">Shader resource binding reservations</param>
-        /// <param name="index">Buffer texture index</param>
-        /// <param name="format">Buffer texture format</param>
-        private readonly void SetDummyBufferTexture(ResourceReservations reservations, int index, Format format)
-        {
-            ITexture bufferTexture = _vacContext.EnsureBufferTexture(index + 2, format);
-            bufferTexture.SetStorage(_vacContext.GetDummyBufferRange());
-
-            _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Compute, reservations.GetVertexBufferTextureBinding(index), bufferTexture, null);
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Binds a vertex buffer into a buffer texture.
         /// </summary>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/GpuContext.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.GPFifo;
@@ -90,6 +91,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
         /// Support buffer updater.
         /// </summary>
         internal SupportBufferUpdater SupportBufferUpdater { get; }
+        
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Enabled dirty hacks.
+        /// Used for workarounds to emulator bugs we can't fix/don't know how to fix yet.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal DirtyHacks DirtyHacks { get; }
+        
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Host hardware capabilities.
@@ -113,7 +121,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
         /// Creates a new instance of the GPU emulation context.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="renderer">Host renderer</param>
-        public GpuContext(IRenderer renderer)
+        public GpuContext(IRenderer renderer, DirtyHacks hacks)
         {
             Renderer = renderer;
 
@@ -136,6 +144,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
 
             SupportBufferUpdater = new SupportBufferUpdater(renderer);
 
+            DirtyHacks = hacks;
+
             _firstTimestamp = ConvertNanosecondsToTicks((ulong)PerformanceCounter.ElapsedNanoseconds);
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/GraphicsConfig.cs

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
         /// Enables or disables high-level emulation of common GPU Macro code.
         /// </summary>
         public static bool EnableMacroHLE = true;
-
+        
         /// <summary>
         /// Title id of the current running game.
         /// Used by the shader cache.

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/DiskCache/DiskCacheHostStorage.cs

@@ -324,6 +324,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
 
                 bool loadHostCache = header.CodeGenVersion == CodeGenVersion;
 
+                if (context.Capabilities.Api == TargetApi.Metal)
+                {
+                    loadHostCache = false;
+                }
+
                 int programIndex = 0;
 
                 DataEntry entry = new();
@@ -392,7 +397,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
                                 context,
                                 shaders,
                                 specState.PipelineState,
-                                specState.TransformFeedbackDescriptors != null);
+                                specState.TransformFeedbackDescriptors != null,
+                                specState.ComputeState.GetLocalSize());
 
                             IProgram hostProgram;
 
@@ -629,7 +635,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
                 return;
             }
 
-            WriteHostCode(context, hostCode, program.Shaders, streams, timestamp);
+            if (context.Capabilities.Api != TargetApi.Metal)
+            {
+                WriteHostCode(context, hostCode, program.Shaders, streams, timestamp);
+            }
         }
 
         /// <summary>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/DiskCache/ParallelDiskCacheLoader.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader;
@@ -366,6 +367,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
         {
             try
             {
+                if (_context.DirtyHacks.IsEnabled(DirtyHack.ShaderTranslationDelay))
+                    Thread.Sleep(_context.DirtyHacks[DirtyHack.ShaderTranslationDelay]);
+                
                 AsyncProgramTranslation asyncTranslation = new(guestShaders, specState, programIndex, isCompute);
                 _asyncTranslationQueue.Add(asyncTranslation, _cancellationToken);
             }
@@ -490,7 +494,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
             {
                 ShaderSource[] shaderSources = new ShaderSource[compilation.TranslatedStages.Length];
 
-                ShaderInfoBuilder shaderInfoBuilder = new(_context, compilation.SpecializationState.TransformFeedbackDescriptors != null);
+                ref GpuChannelComputeState computeState = ref compilation.SpecializationState.ComputeState;
+
+                ShaderInfoBuilder shaderInfoBuilder = new(
+                    _context,
+                    compilation.SpecializationState.TransformFeedbackDescriptors != null,
+                    computeLocalSize: computeState.GetLocalSize());
 
                 for (int index = 0; index < compilation.TranslatedStages.Length; index++)
                 {

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/GpuAccessor.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         private readonly GpuAccessorState _state;
         private readonly int _stageIndex;
         private readonly bool _compute;
-        private readonly bool _isVulkan;
+        private readonly bool _isOpenGL;
         private readonly bool _hasGeometryShader;
         private readonly bool _supportsQuads;
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             _channel = channel;
             _state = state;
             _stageIndex = stageIndex;
-            _isVulkan = context.Capabilities.Api == TargetApi.Vulkan;
+            _isOpenGL = context.Capabilities.Api == TargetApi.OpenGL;
             _hasGeometryShader = hasGeometryShader;
             _supportsQuads = context.Capabilities.SupportsQuads;
 
@@ -116,10 +116,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         public GpuGraphicsState QueryGraphicsState()
         {
             return _state.GraphicsState.CreateShaderGraphicsState(
-                !_isVulkan,
+                _isOpenGL,
                 _supportsQuads,
                 _hasGeometryShader,
-                _isVulkan || _state.GraphicsState.YNegateEnabled);
+                !_isOpenGL || _state.GraphicsState.YNegateEnabled);
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/GpuAccessorBase.cs

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         {
             int binding;
 
-            if (_context.Capabilities.Api == TargetApi.Vulkan)
+            if (_context.Capabilities.Api != TargetApi.OpenGL)
             {
                 binding = GetBindingFromIndex(index, _context.Capabilities.MaximumUniformBuffersPerStage, "Uniform buffer");
             }
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         {
             int binding;
 
-            if (_context.Capabilities.Api == TargetApi.Vulkan)
+            if (_context.Capabilities.Api != TargetApi.OpenGL)
             {
                 if (count == 1)
                 {
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         {
             int binding;
 
-            if (_context.Capabilities.Api == TargetApi.Vulkan)
+            if (_context.Capabilities.Api != TargetApi.OpenGL)
             {
                 binding = GetBindingFromIndex(index, _context.Capabilities.MaximumStorageBuffersPerStage, "Storage buffer");
             }
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         {
             int binding;
 
-            if (_context.Capabilities.Api == TargetApi.Vulkan)
+            if (_context.Capabilities.Api != TargetApi.OpenGL)
             {
                 if (count == 1)
                 {

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/GpuChannelComputeState.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
 {
     /// <summary>
@@ -61,5 +63,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             SharedMemorySize = sharedMemorySize;
             HasUnalignedStorageBuffer = hasUnalignedStorageBuffer;
         }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the local group size of the shader in a GAL compatible struct.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>Local group size</returns>
+        public ComputeSize GetLocalSize()
+        {
+            return new ComputeSize(LocalSizeX, LocalSizeY, LocalSizeZ);
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/ShaderCache.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
@@ -224,7 +225,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             TranslatedShader translatedShader = TranslateShader(_dumper, channel, translatorContext, cachedGuestCode, asCompute: false);
 
             ShaderSource[] shaderSourcesArray = new ShaderSource[] { CreateShaderSource(translatedShader.Program) };
-            ShaderInfo info = ShaderInfoBuilder.BuildForCompute(_context, translatedShader.Program.Info);
+            ShaderInfo info = ShaderInfoBuilder.BuildForCompute(
+                _context,
+                translatedShader.Program.Info,
+                computeState.GetLocalSize());
             IProgram hostProgram = _context.Renderer.CreateProgram(shaderSourcesArray, info);
 
             cpShader = new CachedShaderProgram(hostProgram, specState, translatedShader.Shader);
@@ -425,7 +429,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
 
                             TranslatorContext lastInVertexPipeline = geometryToCompute ? translatorContexts[4] ?? currentStage : currentStage;
 
-                            program = lastInVertexPipeline.GenerateVertexPassthroughForCompute();
+                            (program, ShaderProgramInfo vacInfo) = lastInVertexPipeline.GenerateVertexPassthroughForCompute();
+                            infoBuilder.AddStageInfoVac(vacInfo);
                         }
                         else
                         {
@@ -530,7 +535,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         private ShaderAsCompute CreateHostVertexAsComputeProgram(ShaderProgram program, TranslatorContext context, bool tfEnabled)
         {
             ShaderSource source = new(program.Code, program.BinaryCode, ShaderStage.Compute, program.Language);
-            ShaderInfo info = ShaderInfoBuilder.BuildForVertexAsCompute(_context, program.Info, tfEnabled);
+            ShaderInfo info = ShaderInfoBuilder.BuildForVertexAsCompute(_context, program.Info, context.GetVertexAsComputeInfo(), tfEnabled);
 
             return new(_context.Renderer.CreateProgram(new[] { source }, info), program.Info, context.GetResourceReservations());
         }
@@ -822,16 +827,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates shader translation options with the requested graphics API and flags.
-        /// The shader language is choosen based on the current configuration and graphics API.
+        /// The shader language is chosen based on the current configuration and graphics API.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="api">Target graphics API</param>
         /// <param name="flags">Translation flags</param>
         /// <returns>Translation options</returns>
         private static TranslationOptions CreateTranslationOptions(TargetApi api, TranslationFlags flags)
         {
-            TargetLanguage lang = GraphicsConfig.EnableSpirvCompilationOnVulkan && api == TargetApi.Vulkan
-                ? TargetLanguage.Spirv
-                : TargetLanguage.Glsl;
+            TargetLanguage lang = api switch
+            {
+                TargetApi.OpenGL => TargetLanguage.Glsl,
+                TargetApi.Vulkan => GraphicsConfig.EnableSpirvCompilationOnVulkan ? TargetLanguage.Spirv : TargetLanguage.Glsl,
+                TargetApi.Metal => TargetLanguage.Msl,
+                _ => throw new NotImplementedException()
+            };
 
             return new TranslationOptions(lang, api, flags);
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/ShaderInfoBuilder.cs

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             ResourceStages.Geometry;
 
         private readonly GpuContext _context;
+        private readonly ComputeSize _computeLocalSize;
 
         private int _fragmentOutputMap;
 
@@ -39,9 +40,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// <param name="context">GPU context that owns the shaders that will be added to the builder</param>
         /// <param name="tfEnabled">Indicates if the graphics shader is used with transform feedback enabled</param>
         /// <param name="vertexAsCompute">Indicates that the vertex shader will be emulated on a compute shader</param>
-        public ShaderInfoBuilder(GpuContext context, bool tfEnabled, bool vertexAsCompute = false)
+        /// <param name="computeLocalSize">Indicates the local thread size for a compute shader</param>
+        public ShaderInfoBuilder(GpuContext context, bool tfEnabled, bool vertexAsCompute = false, ComputeSize computeLocalSize = default)
         {
             _context = context;
+            _computeLocalSize = computeLocalSize;
 
             _fragmentOutputMap = -1;
 
@@ -95,7 +98,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         private void PopulateDescriptorAndUsages(ResourceStages stages, ResourceType type, int setIndex, int start, int count, bool write = false)
         {
             AddDescriptor(stages, type, setIndex, start, count);
-            AddUsage(stages, type, setIndex, start, count, write);
+            // AddUsage(stages, type, setIndex, start, count, write);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -159,6 +162,25 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             AddUsage(info.Images, stages, isImage: true);
         }
 
+        public void AddStageInfoVac(ShaderProgramInfo info)
+        {
+            ResourceStages stages = info.Stage switch
+            {
+                ShaderStage.Compute => ResourceStages.Compute,
+                ShaderStage.Vertex => ResourceStages.Vertex,
+                ShaderStage.TessellationControl => ResourceStages.TessellationControl,
+                ShaderStage.TessellationEvaluation => ResourceStages.TessellationEvaluation,
+                ShaderStage.Geometry => ResourceStages.Geometry,
+                ShaderStage.Fragment => ResourceStages.Fragment,
+                _ => ResourceStages.None,
+            };
+
+            AddUsage(info.CBuffers, stages, isStorage: false);
+            AddUsage(info.SBuffers, stages, isStorage: true);
+            AddUsage(info.Textures, stages, isImage: false);
+            AddUsage(info.Images, stages, isImage: true);
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Adds a resource descriptor to the list of descriptors.
         /// </summary>
@@ -361,14 +383,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
 
             ResourceLayout resourceLayout = new(descriptors.AsReadOnly(), usages.AsReadOnly());
 
-            if (pipeline.HasValue)
-            {
-                return new ShaderInfo(_fragmentOutputMap, resourceLayout, pipeline.Value, fromCache);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return new ShaderInfo(_fragmentOutputMap, resourceLayout, fromCache);
-            }
+            return new ShaderInfo(_fragmentOutputMap, resourceLayout, _computeLocalSize, pipeline, fromCache);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -378,14 +393,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// <param name="programs">Shaders from the disk cache</param>
         /// <param name="pipeline">Optional pipeline for background compilation</param>
         /// <param name="tfEnabled">Indicates if the graphics shader is used with transform feedback enabled</param>
+        /// <param name="computeLocalSize">Compute local thread size</param>
         /// <returns>Shader information</returns>
         public static ShaderInfo BuildForCache(
             GpuContext context,
             IEnumerable<CachedShaderStage> programs,
             ProgramPipelineState? pipeline,
-            bool tfEnabled)
+            bool tfEnabled,
+            ComputeSize computeLocalSize)
         {
-            ShaderInfoBuilder builder = new(context, tfEnabled);
+            ShaderInfoBuilder builder = new(context, tfEnabled, computeLocalSize: computeLocalSize);
 
             foreach (CachedShaderStage program in programs)
             {
@@ -403,11 +420,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="context">GPU context that owns the shader</param>
         /// <param name="info">Compute shader information</param>
+        /// <param name="computeLocalSize">Compute local thread size</param>
         /// <param name="fromCache">True if the compute shader comes from a disk cache, false otherwise</param>
         /// <returns>Shader information</returns>
-        public static ShaderInfo BuildForCompute(GpuContext context, ShaderProgramInfo info, bool fromCache = false)
+        public static ShaderInfo BuildForCompute(GpuContext context, ShaderProgramInfo info, ComputeSize computeLocalSize, bool fromCache = false)
         {
-            ShaderInfoBuilder builder = new(context, tfEnabled: false, vertexAsCompute: false);
+            ShaderInfoBuilder builder = new(context, tfEnabled: false, vertexAsCompute: false, computeLocalSize: computeLocalSize);
 
             builder.AddStageInfo(info);
 
@@ -422,10 +440,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// <param name="tfEnabled">Indicates if the graphics shader is used with transform feedback enabled</param>
         /// <param name="fromCache">True if the compute shader comes from a disk cache, false otherwise</param>
         /// <returns>Shader information</returns>
-        public static ShaderInfo BuildForVertexAsCompute(GpuContext context, ShaderProgramInfo info, bool tfEnabled, bool fromCache = false)
+        public static ShaderInfo BuildForVertexAsCompute(GpuContext context, ShaderProgramInfo info, ShaderProgramInfo info2, bool tfEnabled, bool fromCache = false)
         {
-            ShaderInfoBuilder builder = new(context, tfEnabled, vertexAsCompute: true);
+            ShaderInfoBuilder builder = new(context, tfEnabled, vertexAsCompute: true, computeLocalSize: ComputeSize.VtgAsCompute);
 
+            builder.AddStageInfoVac(info2);
             builder.AddStageInfo(info, vertexAsCompute: true);
 
             return builder.Build(null, fromCache);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions/CAMetalLayerExtensions.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+using SharpMetal;
+using SharpMetal.Foundation;
+using SharpMetal.ObjectiveCCore;
+using SharpMetal.QuartzCore;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+// ReSharper disable InconsistentNaming
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macOS")]
+    public static class CAMetalLayerExtensions
+    {
+        private static readonly Selector sel_developerHUDProperties = "developerHUDProperties";
+        private static readonly Selector sel_setDeveloperHUDProperties = "setDeveloperHUDProperties:";
+
+        public static NSDictionary GetDeveloperHudProperties(this CAMetalLayer metalLayer)
+            => new(ObjectiveCRuntime.IntPtr_objc_msgSend(metalLayer.NativePtr, sel_developerHUDProperties));
+
+        public static void SetDeveloperHudProperties(this CAMetalLayer metalLayer, NSDictionary dictionary) 
+            => ObjectiveCRuntime.objc_msgSend(metalLayer.NativePtr, sel_setDeveloperHUDProperties, dictionary);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions/NSHelper.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+using SharpMetal.Foundation;
+using SharpMetal.ObjectiveCCore;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+// ReSharper disable InconsistentNaming
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macOS")]
+    public static class NSHelper
+    {
+        private static readonly Selector sel_getCStringMaxLengthEncoding = "getCString:maxLength:encoding:";
+        private static readonly Selector sel_stringWithUTF8String = "stringWithUTF8String:";
+        
+        public static unsafe string ToDotNetString(this NSString source)
+        {
+            char[] sourceBuffer = new char[source.Length];
+            fixed (char* pSourceBuffer = sourceBuffer)
+            {
+                ObjectiveC.bool_objc_msgSend(source,
+                    sel_getCStringMaxLengthEncoding,
+                    pSourceBuffer,
+                    source.MaximumLengthOfBytes(NSStringEncoding.UTF16) + 1,
+                    (ulong)NSStringEncoding.UTF16);
+            }
+
+            return new string(sourceBuffer);
+        }
+        
+        public static NSString ToNSString(this string source) 
+            => new(ObjectiveC.IntPtr_objc_msgSend(new ObjectiveCClass(nameof(NSString)), sel_stringWithUTF8String, source));
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+    <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="SharpMetal" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+</Project>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Auto.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    interface IAuto
+    {
+        bool HasCommandBufferDependency(CommandBufferScoped cbs);
+
+        void IncrementReferenceCount();
+        void DecrementReferenceCount(int cbIndex);
+        void DecrementReferenceCount();
+    }
+
+    interface IAutoPrivate : IAuto
+    {
+        void AddCommandBufferDependencies(CommandBufferScoped cbs);
+    }
+
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class Auto<T> : IAutoPrivate, IDisposable where T : IDisposable
+    {
+        private int _referenceCount;
+        private T _value;
+
+        private readonly BitMap _cbOwnership;
+        private readonly MultiFenceHolder _waitable;
+
+        private bool _disposed;
+        private bool _destroyed;
+
+        public Auto(T value)
+        {
+            _referenceCount = 1;
+            _value = value;
+            _cbOwnership = new BitMap(CommandBufferPool.MaxCommandBuffers);
+        }
+
+        public Auto(T value, MultiFenceHolder waitable) : this(value)
+        {
+            _waitable = waitable;
+        }
+
+        public T Get(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int offset, int size, bool write = false)
+        {
+            _waitable?.AddBufferUse(cbs.CommandBufferIndex, offset, size, write);
+            return Get(cbs);
+        }
+
+        public T GetUnsafe()
+        {
+            return _value;
+        }
+
+        public T Get(CommandBufferScoped cbs)
+        {
+            if (!_destroyed)
+            {
+                AddCommandBufferDependencies(cbs);
+            }
+
+            return _value;
+        }
+
+        public bool HasCommandBufferDependency(CommandBufferScoped cbs)
+        {
+            return _cbOwnership.IsSet(cbs.CommandBufferIndex);
+        }
+
+        public bool HasRentedCommandBufferDependency(CommandBufferPool cbp)
+        {
+            return _cbOwnership.AnySet();
+        }
+
+        public void AddCommandBufferDependencies(CommandBufferScoped cbs)
+        {
+            // We don't want to add a reference to this object to the command buffer
+            // more than once, so if we detect that the command buffer already has ownership
+            // of this object, then we can just return without doing anything else.
+            if (_cbOwnership.Set(cbs.CommandBufferIndex))
+            {
+                if (_waitable != null)
+                {
+                    cbs.AddWaitable(_waitable);
+                }
+
+                cbs.AddDependant(this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public bool TryIncrementReferenceCount()
+        {
+            int lastValue;
+            do
+            {
+                lastValue = _referenceCount;
+
+                if (lastValue == 0)
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            while (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _referenceCount, lastValue + 1, lastValue) != lastValue);
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public void IncrementReferenceCount()
+        {
+            if (Interlocked.Increment(ref _referenceCount) == 1)
+            {
+                Interlocked.Decrement(ref _referenceCount);
+                throw new InvalidOperationException("Attempted to increment the reference count of an object that was already destroyed.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void DecrementReferenceCount(int cbIndex)
+        {
+            _cbOwnership.Clear(cbIndex);
+            DecrementReferenceCount();
+        }
+
+        public void DecrementReferenceCount()
+        {
+            if (Interlocked.Decrement(ref _referenceCount) == 0)
+            {
+                _value.Dispose();
+                _value = default;
+                _destroyed = true;
+            }
+
+            Debug.Assert(_referenceCount >= 0);
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (!_disposed)
+            {
+                DecrementReferenceCount();
+                _disposed = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/BackgroundResources.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class BackgroundResource : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+
+        private CommandBufferPool _pool;
+        private PersistentFlushBuffer _flushBuffer;
+
+        public BackgroundResource(MetalRenderer renderer)
+        {
+            _renderer = renderer;
+        }
+
+        public CommandBufferPool GetPool()
+        {
+            if (_pool == null)
+            {
+                MTLCommandQueue queue = _renderer.BackgroundQueue;
+                _pool = new CommandBufferPool(queue, true);
+                _pool.Initialize(null); // TODO: Proper encoder factory for background render/compute
+            }
+
+            return _pool;
+        }
+
+        public PersistentFlushBuffer GetFlushBuffer()
+        {
+            _flushBuffer ??= new PersistentFlushBuffer(_renderer);
+
+            return _flushBuffer;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _pool?.Dispose();
+            _flushBuffer?.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class BackgroundResources : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+
+        private readonly Dictionary<Thread, BackgroundResource> _resources;
+
+        public BackgroundResources(MetalRenderer renderer)
+        {
+            _renderer = renderer;
+
+            _resources = new Dictionary<Thread, BackgroundResource>();
+        }
+
+        private void Cleanup()
+        {
+            lock (_resources)
+            {
+                foreach (KeyValuePair<Thread, BackgroundResource> tuple in _resources)
+                {
+                    if (!tuple.Key.IsAlive)
+                    {
+                        tuple.Value.Dispose();
+                        _resources.Remove(tuple.Key);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public BackgroundResource Get()
+        {
+            Thread thread = Thread.CurrentThread;
+
+            lock (_resources)
+            {
+                if (!_resources.TryGetValue(thread, out BackgroundResource resource))
+                {
+                    Cleanup();
+
+                    resource = new BackgroundResource(_renderer);
+
+                    _resources[thread] = resource;
+                }
+
+                return resource;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            lock (_resources)
+            {
+                foreach (var resource in _resources.Values)
+                {
+                    resource.Dispose();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/BitMap.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    readonly struct BitMap
+    {
+        public const int IntSize = 64;
+
+        private const int IntShift = 6;
+        private const int IntMask = IntSize - 1;
+
+        private readonly long[] _masks;
+
+        public BitMap(int count)
+        {
+            _masks = new long[(count + IntMask) / IntSize];
+        }
+
+        public bool AnySet()
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < _masks.Length; i++)
+            {
+                if (_masks[i] != 0)
+                {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public bool IsSet(int bit)
+        {
+            int wordIndex = bit >> IntShift;
+            int wordBit = bit & IntMask;
+
+            long wordMask = 1L << wordBit;
+
+            return (_masks[wordIndex] & wordMask) != 0;
+        }
+
+        public bool IsSet(int start, int end)
+        {
+            if (start == end)
+            {
+                return IsSet(start);
+            }
+
+            int startIndex = start >> IntShift;
+            int startBit = start & IntMask;
+            long startMask = -1L << startBit;
+
+            int endIndex = end >> IntShift;
+            int endBit = end & IntMask;
+            long endMask = (long)(ulong.MaxValue >> (IntMask - endBit));
+
+            if (startIndex == endIndex)
+            {
+                return (_masks[startIndex] & startMask & endMask) != 0;
+            }
+
+            if ((_masks[startIndex] & startMask) != 0)
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            for (int i = startIndex + 1; i < endIndex; i++)
+            {
+                if (_masks[i] != 0)
+                {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if ((_masks[endIndex] & endMask) != 0)
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public bool Set(int bit)
+        {
+            int wordIndex = bit >> IntShift;
+            int wordBit = bit & IntMask;
+
+            long wordMask = 1L << wordBit;
+
+            if ((_masks[wordIndex] & wordMask) != 0)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            _masks[wordIndex] |= wordMask;
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public void SetRange(int start, int end)
+        {
+            if (start == end)
+            {
+                Set(start);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            int startIndex = start >> IntShift;
+            int startBit = start & IntMask;
+            long startMask = -1L << startBit;
+
+            int endIndex = end >> IntShift;
+            int endBit = end & IntMask;
+            long endMask = (long)(ulong.MaxValue >> (IntMask - endBit));
+
+            if (startIndex == endIndex)
+            {
+                _masks[startIndex] |= startMask & endMask;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _masks[startIndex] |= startMask;
+
+                for (int i = startIndex + 1; i < endIndex; i++)
+                {
+                    _masks[i] |= -1;
+                }
+
+                _masks[endIndex] |= endMask;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Clear(int bit)
+        {
+            int wordIndex = bit >> IntShift;
+            int wordBit = bit & IntMask;
+
+            long wordMask = 1L << wordBit;
+
+            _masks[wordIndex] &= ~wordMask;
+        }
+
+        public void Clear()
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < _masks.Length; i++)
+            {
+                _masks[i] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void ClearInt(int start, int end)
+        {
+            for (int i = start; i <= end; i++)
+            {
+                _masks[i] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/BufferHolder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class BufferHolder : IDisposable
+    {
+        private CacheByRange<BufferHolder> _cachedConvertedBuffers;
+
+        public int Size { get; }
+
+        private readonly IntPtr _map;
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+        private readonly Pipeline _pipeline;
+
+        private readonly MultiFenceHolder _waitable;
+        private readonly Auto<DisposableBuffer> _buffer;
+
+        private readonly ReaderWriterLockSlim _flushLock;
+        private FenceHolder _flushFence;
+        private int _flushWaiting;
+
+        public BufferHolder(MetalRenderer renderer, Pipeline pipeline, MTLBuffer buffer, int size)
+        {
+            _renderer = renderer;
+            _pipeline = pipeline;
+            _map = buffer.Contents;
+            _waitable = new MultiFenceHolder(size);
+            _buffer = new Auto<DisposableBuffer>(new(buffer), _waitable);
+
+            _flushLock = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();
+
+            Size = size;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBuffer()
+        {
+            return _buffer;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBuffer(bool isWrite)
+        {
+            if (isWrite)
+            {
+                SignalWrite(0, Size);
+            }
+
+            return _buffer;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBuffer(int offset, int size, bool isWrite)
+        {
+            if (isWrite)
+            {
+                SignalWrite(offset, size);
+            }
+
+            return _buffer;
+        }
+
+        public void SignalWrite(int offset, int size)
+        {
+            if (offset == 0 && size == Size)
+            {
+                _cachedConvertedBuffers.Clear();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _cachedConvertedBuffers.ClearRange(offset, size);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void ClearFlushFence()
+        {
+            // Assumes _flushLock is held as writer.
+
+            if (_flushFence != null)
+            {
+                if (_flushWaiting == 0)
+                {
+                    _flushFence.Put();
+                }
+
+                _flushFence = null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void WaitForFlushFence()
+        {
+            if (_flushFence == null)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // If storage has changed, make sure the fence has been reached so that the data is in place.
+            _flushLock.ExitReadLock();
+            _flushLock.EnterWriteLock();
+
+            if (_flushFence != null)
+            {
+                var fence = _flushFence;
+                Interlocked.Increment(ref _flushWaiting);
+
+                // Don't wait in the lock.
+
+                _flushLock.ExitWriteLock();
+
+                fence.Wait();
+
+                _flushLock.EnterWriteLock();
+
+                if (Interlocked.Decrement(ref _flushWaiting) == 0)
+                {
+                    fence.Put();
+                }
+
+                _flushFence = null;
+            }
+
+            // Assumes the _flushLock is held as reader, returns in same state.
+            _flushLock.ExitWriteLock();
+            _flushLock.EnterReadLock();
+        }
+
+        public PinnedSpan<byte> GetData(int offset, int size)
+        {
+            _flushLock.EnterReadLock();
+
+            WaitForFlushFence();
+
+            Span<byte> result;
+
+            if (_map != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                result = GetDataStorage(offset, size);
+
+                // Need to be careful here, the buffer can't be unmapped while the data is being used.
+                _buffer.IncrementReferenceCount();
+
+                _flushLock.ExitReadLock();
+
+                return PinnedSpan<byte>.UnsafeFromSpan(result, _buffer.DecrementReferenceCount);
+            }
+
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("The buffer is not mapped");
+        }
+
+        public unsafe Span<byte> GetDataStorage(int offset, int size)
+        {
+            int mappingSize = Math.Min(size, Size - offset);
+
+            if (_map != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                return new Span<byte>((void*)(_map + offset), mappingSize);
+            }
+
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("The buffer is not mapped.");
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void SetData(int offset, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, CommandBufferScoped? cbs = null, bool allowCbsWait = true)
+        {
+            int dataSize = Math.Min(data.Length, Size - offset);
+            if (dataSize == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (_map != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                // If persistently mapped, set the data directly if the buffer is not currently in use.
+                bool isRented = _buffer.HasRentedCommandBufferDependency(_renderer.CommandBufferPool);
+
+                // If the buffer is rented, take a little more time and check if the use overlaps this handle.
+                bool needsFlush = isRented && _waitable.IsBufferRangeInUse(offset, dataSize, false);
+
+                if (!needsFlush)
+                {
+                    WaitForFences(offset, dataSize);
+
+                    data[..dataSize].CopyTo(new Span<byte>((void*)(_map + offset), dataSize));
+
+                    SignalWrite(offset, dataSize);
+
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (cbs != null &&
+                cbs.Value.Encoders.CurrentEncoderType == EncoderType.Render &&
+                !(_buffer.HasCommandBufferDependency(cbs.Value) &&
+                  _waitable.IsBufferRangeInUse(cbs.Value.CommandBufferIndex, offset, dataSize)))
+            {
+                // If the buffer hasn't been used on the command buffer yet, try to preload the data.
+                // This avoids ending and beginning render passes on each buffer data upload.
+
+                cbs = _pipeline.GetPreloadCommandBuffer();
+            }
+
+            if (allowCbsWait)
+            {
+                _renderer.BufferManager.StagingBuffer.PushData(_renderer.CommandBufferPool, cbs, this, offset, data);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                bool rentCbs = cbs == null;
+                if (rentCbs)
+                {
+                    cbs = _renderer.CommandBufferPool.Rent();
+                }
+
+                if (!_renderer.BufferManager.StagingBuffer.TryPushData(cbs.Value, this, offset, data))
+                {
+                    // Need to do a slow upload.
+                    BufferHolder srcHolder = _renderer.BufferManager.Create(dataSize);
+                    srcHolder.SetDataUnchecked(0, data);
+
+                    var srcBuffer = srcHolder.GetBuffer();
+                    var dstBuffer = this.GetBuffer(true);
+
+                    Copy(cbs.Value, srcBuffer, dstBuffer, 0, offset, dataSize);
+
+                    srcHolder.Dispose();
+                }
+
+                if (rentCbs)
+                {
+                    cbs.Value.Dispose();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void SetDataUnchecked(int offset, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
+        {
+            int dataSize = Math.Min(data.Length, Size - offset);
+            if (dataSize == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (_map != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                data[..dataSize].CopyTo(new Span<byte>((void*)(_map + offset), dataSize));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetDataUnchecked<T>(int offset, ReadOnlySpan<T> data) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            SetDataUnchecked(offset, MemoryMarshal.AsBytes(data));
+        }
+
+        public static void Copy(
+            CommandBufferScoped cbs,
+            Auto<DisposableBuffer> src,
+            Auto<DisposableBuffer> dst,
+            int srcOffset,
+            int dstOffset,
+            int size,
+            bool registerSrcUsage = true)
+        {
+            var srcBuffer = registerSrcUsage ? src.Get(cbs, srcOffset, size).Value : src.GetUnsafe().Value;
+            var dstbuffer = dst.Get(cbs, dstOffset, size, true).Value;
+
+            cbs.Encoders.EnsureBlitEncoder().CopyFromBuffer(
+                srcBuffer,
+                (ulong)srcOffset,
+                dstbuffer,
+                (ulong)dstOffset,
+                (ulong)size);
+        }
+
+        public void WaitForFences()
+        {
+            _waitable.WaitForFences();
+        }
+
+        public void WaitForFences(int offset, int size)
+        {
+            _waitable.WaitForFences(offset, size);
+        }
+
+        private bool BoundToRange(int offset, ref int size)
+        {
+            if (offset >= Size)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            size = Math.Min(Size - offset, size);
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBufferI8ToI16(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int offset, int size)
+        {
+            if (!BoundToRange(offset, ref size))
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            var key = new I8ToI16CacheKey(_renderer);
+
+            if (!_cachedConvertedBuffers.TryGetValue(offset, size, key, out var holder))
+            {
+                holder = _renderer.BufferManager.Create((size * 2 + 3) & ~3);
+
+                _renderer.HelperShader.ConvertI8ToI16(cbs, this, holder, offset, size);
+
+                key.SetBuffer(holder.GetBuffer());
+
+                _cachedConvertedBuffers.Add(offset, size, key, holder);
+            }
+
+            return holder.GetBuffer();
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBufferTopologyConversion(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int offset, int size, IndexBufferPattern pattern, int indexSize)
+        {
+            if (!BoundToRange(offset, ref size))
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            var key = new TopologyConversionCacheKey(_renderer, pattern, indexSize);
+
+            if (!_cachedConvertedBuffers.TryGetValue(offset, size, key, out var holder))
+            {
+                // The destination index size is always I32.
+
+                int indexCount = size / indexSize;
+
+                int convertedCount = pattern.GetConvertedCount(indexCount);
+
+                holder = _renderer.BufferManager.Create(convertedCount * 4);
+
+                _renderer.HelperShader.ConvertIndexBuffer(cbs, this, holder, pattern, indexSize, offset, indexCount);
+
+                key.SetBuffer(holder.GetBuffer());
+
+                _cachedConvertedBuffers.Add(offset, size, key, holder);
+            }
+
+            return holder.GetBuffer();
+        }
+
+        public bool TryGetCachedConvertedBuffer(int offset, int size, ICacheKey key, out BufferHolder holder)
+        {
+            return _cachedConvertedBuffers.TryGetValue(offset, size, key, out holder);
+        }
+
+        public void AddCachedConvertedBuffer(int offset, int size, ICacheKey key, BufferHolder holder)
+        {
+            _cachedConvertedBuffers.Add(offset, size, key, holder);
+        }
+
+        public void AddCachedConvertedBufferDependency(int offset, int size, ICacheKey key, Dependency dependency)
+        {
+            _cachedConvertedBuffers.AddDependency(offset, size, key, dependency);
+        }
+
+        public void RemoveCachedConvertedBuffer(int offset, int size, ICacheKey key)
+        {
+            _cachedConvertedBuffers.Remove(offset, size, key);
+        }
+
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _pipeline.FlushCommandsIfWeightExceeding(_buffer, (ulong)Size);
+
+            _buffer.Dispose();
+            _cachedConvertedBuffers.Dispose();
+
+            _flushLock.EnterWriteLock();
+
+            ClearFlushFence();
+
+            _flushLock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/BufferManager.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    readonly struct ScopedTemporaryBuffer : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly BufferManager _bufferManager;
+        private readonly bool _isReserved;
+
+        public readonly BufferRange Range;
+        public readonly BufferHolder Holder;
+
+        public BufferHandle Handle => Range.Handle;
+        public int Offset => Range.Offset;
+
+        public ScopedTemporaryBuffer(BufferManager bufferManager, BufferHolder holder, BufferHandle handle, int offset, int size, bool isReserved)
+        {
+            _bufferManager = bufferManager;
+
+            Range = new BufferRange(handle, offset, size);
+            Holder = holder;
+
+            _isReserved = isReserved;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (!_isReserved)
+            {
+                _bufferManager.Delete(Range.Handle);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class BufferManager : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly IdList<BufferHolder> _buffers;
+
+        private readonly MTLDevice _device;
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+        private readonly Pipeline _pipeline;
+
+        public int BufferCount { get; private set; }
+
+        public StagingBuffer StagingBuffer { get; }
+
+        public BufferManager(MTLDevice device, MetalRenderer renderer, Pipeline pipeline)
+        {
+            _device = device;
+            _renderer = renderer;
+            _pipeline = pipeline;
+            _buffers = new IdList<BufferHolder>();
+
+            StagingBuffer = new StagingBuffer(_renderer, this);
+        }
+
+        public BufferHandle Create(nint pointer, int size)
+        {
+            // TODO: This is the wrong Metal method, we need no-copy which SharpMetal isn't giving us.
+            var buffer = _device.NewBuffer(pointer, (ulong)size, MTLResourceOptions.ResourceStorageModeShared);
+
+            if (buffer == IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                Logger.Error?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Gpu, $"Failed to create buffer with size 0x{size:X}, and pointer 0x{pointer:X}.");
+
+                return BufferHandle.Null;
+            }
+
+            var holder = new BufferHolder(_renderer, _pipeline, buffer, size);
+
+            BufferCount++;
+
+            ulong handle64 = (uint)_buffers.Add(holder);
+
+            return Unsafe.As<ulong, BufferHandle>(ref handle64);
+        }
+
+        public BufferHandle CreateWithHandle(int size)
+        {
+            return CreateWithHandle(size, out _);
+        }
+
+        public BufferHandle CreateWithHandle(int size, out BufferHolder holder)
+        {
+            holder = Create(size);
+
+            if (holder == null)
+            {
+                return BufferHandle.Null;
+            }
+
+            BufferCount++;
+
+            ulong handle64 = (uint)_buffers.Add(holder);
+
+            return Unsafe.As<ulong, BufferHandle>(ref handle64);
+        }
+
+        public ScopedTemporaryBuffer ReserveOrCreate(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int size)
+        {
+            StagingBufferReserved? result = StagingBuffer.TryReserveData(cbs, size);
+
+            if (result.HasValue)
+            {
+                return new ScopedTemporaryBuffer(this, result.Value.Buffer, StagingBuffer.Handle, result.Value.Offset, result.Value.Size, true);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // Create a temporary buffer.
+                BufferHandle handle = CreateWithHandle(size, out BufferHolder holder);
+
+                return new ScopedTemporaryBuffer(this, holder, handle, 0, size, false);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public BufferHolder Create(int size)
+        {
+            var buffer = _device.NewBuffer((ulong)size, MTLResourceOptions.ResourceStorageModeShared);
+
+            if (buffer != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                return new BufferHolder(_renderer, _pipeline, buffer, size);
+            }
+
+            Logger.Error?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Gpu, $"Failed to create buffer with size 0x{size:X}.");
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBuffer(BufferHandle handle, bool isWrite, out int size)
+        {
+            if (TryGetBuffer(handle, out var holder))
+            {
+                size = holder.Size;
+                return holder.GetBuffer(isWrite);
+            }
+
+            size = 0;
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBuffer(BufferHandle handle, int offset, int size, bool isWrite)
+        {
+            if (TryGetBuffer(handle, out var holder))
+            {
+                return holder.GetBuffer(offset, size, isWrite);
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBuffer(BufferHandle handle, bool isWrite)
+        {
+            if (TryGetBuffer(handle, out var holder))
+            {
+                return holder.GetBuffer(isWrite);
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBufferI8ToI16(CommandBufferScoped cbs, BufferHandle handle, int offset, int size)
+        {
+            if (TryGetBuffer(handle, out var holder))
+            {
+                return holder.GetBufferI8ToI16(cbs, offset, size);
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> GetBufferTopologyConversion(CommandBufferScoped cbs, BufferHandle handle, int offset, int size, IndexBufferPattern pattern, int indexSize)
+        {
+            if (TryGetBuffer(handle, out var holder))
+            {
+                return holder.GetBufferTopologyConversion(cbs, offset, size, pattern, indexSize);
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public PinnedSpan<byte> GetData(BufferHandle handle, int offset, int size)
+        {
+            if (TryGetBuffer(handle, out var holder))
+            {
+                return holder.GetData(offset, size);
+            }
+
+            return new PinnedSpan<byte>();
+        }
+
+        public void SetData<T>(BufferHandle handle, int offset, ReadOnlySpan<T> data) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            SetData(handle, offset, MemoryMarshal.Cast<T, byte>(data), null);
+        }
+
+        public void SetData(BufferHandle handle, int offset, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, CommandBufferScoped? cbs)
+        {
+            if (TryGetBuffer(handle, out var holder))
+            {
+                holder.SetData(offset, data, cbs);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Delete(BufferHandle handle)
+        {
+            if (TryGetBuffer(handle, out var holder))
+            {
+                holder.Dispose();
+                _buffers.Remove((int)Unsafe.As<BufferHandle, ulong>(ref handle));
+            }
+        }
+
+        private bool TryGetBuffer(BufferHandle handle, out BufferHolder holder)
+        {
+            return _buffers.TryGetValue((int)Unsafe.As<BufferHandle, ulong>(ref handle), out holder);
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            StagingBuffer.Dispose();
+
+            foreach (var buffer in _buffers)
+            {
+                buffer.Dispose();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/BufferUsageBitmap.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    internal class BufferUsageBitmap
+    {
+        private readonly BitMap _bitmap;
+        private readonly int _size;
+        private readonly int _granularity;
+        private readonly int _bits;
+        private readonly int _writeBitOffset;
+
+        private readonly int _intsPerCb;
+        private readonly int _bitsPerCb;
+
+        public BufferUsageBitmap(int size, int granularity)
+        {
+            _size = size;
+            _granularity = granularity;
+
+            // There are two sets of bits - one for read tracking, and the other for write.
+            int bits = (size + (granularity - 1)) / granularity;
+            _writeBitOffset = bits;
+            _bits = bits << 1;
+
+            _intsPerCb = (_bits + (BitMap.IntSize - 1)) / BitMap.IntSize;
+            _bitsPerCb = _intsPerCb * BitMap.IntSize;
+
+            _bitmap = new BitMap(_bitsPerCb * CommandBufferPool.MaxCommandBuffers);
+        }
+
+        public void Add(int cbIndex, int offset, int size, bool write)
+        {
+            if (size == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // Some usages can be out of bounds (vertex buffer on amd), so bound if necessary.
+            if (offset + size > _size)
+            {
+                size = _size - offset;
+            }
+
+            int cbBase = cbIndex * _bitsPerCb + (write ? _writeBitOffset : 0);
+            int start = cbBase + offset / _granularity;
+            int end = cbBase + (offset + size - 1) / _granularity;
+
+            _bitmap.SetRange(start, end);
+        }
+
+        public bool OverlapsWith(int cbIndex, int offset, int size, bool write = false)
+        {
+            if (size == 0)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            int cbBase = cbIndex * _bitsPerCb + (write ? _writeBitOffset : 0);
+            int start = cbBase + offset / _granularity;
+            int end = cbBase + (offset + size - 1) / _granularity;
+
+            return _bitmap.IsSet(start, end);
+        }
+
+        public bool OverlapsWith(int offset, int size, bool write)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < CommandBufferPool.MaxCommandBuffers; i++)
+            {
+                if (OverlapsWith(i, offset, size, write))
+                {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public void Clear(int cbIndex)
+        {
+            _bitmap.ClearInt(cbIndex * _intsPerCb, (cbIndex + 1) * _intsPerCb - 1);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/CacheByRange.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    interface ICacheKey : IDisposable
+    {
+        bool KeyEqual(ICacheKey other);
+    }
+
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    struct I8ToI16CacheKey : ICacheKey
+    {
+        // Used to notify the pipeline that bindings have invalidated on dispose.
+        // private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+        // private Auto<DisposableBuffer> _buffer;
+
+        public I8ToI16CacheKey(MetalRenderer renderer)
+        {
+            // _renderer = renderer;
+            // _buffer = null;
+        }
+
+        public readonly bool KeyEqual(ICacheKey other)
+        {
+            return other is I8ToI16CacheKey;
+        }
+
+        public readonly void SetBuffer(Auto<DisposableBuffer> buffer)
+        {
+            // _buffer = buffer;
+        }
+
+        public readonly void Dispose()
+        {
+            // TODO: Tell pipeline buffer is dirty!
+            // _renderer.PipelineInternal.DirtyIndexBuffer(_buffer);
+        }
+    }
+
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    readonly struct TopologyConversionCacheKey : ICacheKey
+    {
+        private readonly IndexBufferPattern _pattern;
+        private readonly int _indexSize;
+
+        // Used to notify the pipeline that bindings have invalidated on dispose.
+        // private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+        // private Auto<DisposableBuffer> _buffer;
+
+        public TopologyConversionCacheKey(MetalRenderer renderer, IndexBufferPattern pattern, int indexSize)
+        {
+            // _renderer = renderer;
+            // _buffer = null;
+            _pattern = pattern;
+            _indexSize = indexSize;
+        }
+
+        public readonly bool KeyEqual(ICacheKey other)
+        {
+            return other is TopologyConversionCacheKey entry &&
+                   entry._pattern == _pattern &&
+                   entry._indexSize == _indexSize;
+        }
+
+        public void SetBuffer(Auto<DisposableBuffer> buffer)
+        {
+            // _buffer = buffer;
+        }
+
+        public readonly void Dispose()
+        {
+            // TODO: Tell pipeline buffer is dirty!
+            // _renderer.PipelineInternal.DirtyVertexBuffer(_buffer);
+        }
+    }
+
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    readonly struct Dependency
+    {
+        private readonly BufferHolder _buffer;
+        private readonly int _offset;
+        private readonly int _size;
+        private readonly ICacheKey _key;
+
+        public Dependency(BufferHolder buffer, int offset, int size, ICacheKey key)
+        {
+            _buffer = buffer;
+            _offset = offset;
+            _size = size;
+            _key = key;
+        }
+
+        public void RemoveFromOwner()
+        {
+            _buffer.RemoveCachedConvertedBuffer(_offset, _size, _key);
+        }
+    }
+
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    struct CacheByRange<T> where T : IDisposable
+    {
+        private struct Entry
+        {
+            public readonly ICacheKey Key;
+            public readonly T Value;
+            public List<Dependency> DependencyList;
+
+            public Entry(ICacheKey key, T value)
+            {
+                Key = key;
+                Value = value;
+                DependencyList = null;
+            }
+
+            public readonly void InvalidateDependencies()
+            {
+                if (DependencyList != null)
+                {
+                    foreach (Dependency dependency in DependencyList)
+                    {
+                        dependency.RemoveFromOwner();
+                    }
+
+                    DependencyList.Clear();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private Dictionary<ulong, List<Entry>> _ranges;
+
+        public void Add(int offset, int size, ICacheKey key, T value)
+        {
+            List<Entry> entries = GetEntries(offset, size);
+
+            entries.Add(new Entry(key, value));
+        }
+
+        public void AddDependency(int offset, int size, ICacheKey key, Dependency dependency)
+        {
+            List<Entry> entries = GetEntries(offset, size);
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < entries.Count; i++)
+            {
+                Entry entry = entries[i];
+
+                if (entry.Key.KeyEqual(key))
+                {
+                    if (entry.DependencyList == null)
+                    {
+                        entry.DependencyList = new List<Dependency>();
+                        entries[i] = entry;
+                    }
+
+                    entry.DependencyList.Add(dependency);
+
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Remove(int offset, int size, ICacheKey key)
+        {
+            List<Entry> entries = GetEntries(offset, size);
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < entries.Count; i++)
+            {
+                Entry entry = entries[i];
+
+                if (entry.Key.KeyEqual(key))
+                {
+                    entries.RemoveAt(i--);
+
+                    DestroyEntry(entry);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (entries.Count == 0)
+            {
+                _ranges.Remove(PackRange(offset, size));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public bool TryGetValue(int offset, int size, ICacheKey key, out T value)
+        {
+            List<Entry> entries = GetEntries(offset, size);
+
+            foreach (Entry entry in entries)
+            {
+                if (entry.Key.KeyEqual(key))
+                {
+                    value = entry.Value;
+
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            value = default;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public void Clear()
+        {
+            if (_ranges != null)
+            {
+                foreach (List<Entry> entries in _ranges.Values)
+                {
+                    foreach (Entry entry in entries)
+                    {
+                        DestroyEntry(entry);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                _ranges.Clear();
+                _ranges = null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public readonly void ClearRange(int offset, int size)
+        {
+            if (_ranges != null && _ranges.Count > 0)
+            {
+                int end = offset + size;
+
+                List<ulong> toRemove = null;
+
+                foreach (KeyValuePair<ulong, List<Entry>> range in _ranges)
+                {
+                    (int rOffset, int rSize) = UnpackRange(range.Key);
+
+                    int rEnd = rOffset + rSize;
+
+                    if (rEnd > offset && rOffset < end)
+                    {
+                        List<Entry> entries = range.Value;
+
+                        foreach (Entry entry in entries)
+                        {
+                            DestroyEntry(entry);
+                        }
+
+                        (toRemove ??= new List<ulong>()).Add(range.Key);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (toRemove != null)
+                {
+                    foreach (ulong range in toRemove)
+                    {
+                        _ranges.Remove(range);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private List<Entry> GetEntries(int offset, int size)
+        {
+            _ranges ??= new Dictionary<ulong, List<Entry>>();
+
+            ulong key = PackRange(offset, size);
+
+            if (!_ranges.TryGetValue(key, out List<Entry> value))
+            {
+                value = new List<Entry>();
+                _ranges.Add(key, value);
+            }
+
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        private static void DestroyEntry(Entry entry)
+        {
+            entry.Key.Dispose();
+            entry.Value?.Dispose();
+            entry.InvalidateDependencies();
+        }
+
+        private static ulong PackRange(int offset, int size)
+        {
+            return (uint)offset | ((ulong)size << 32);
+        }
+
+        private static (int offset, int size) UnpackRange(ulong range)
+        {
+            return ((int)range, (int)(range >> 32));
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            Clear();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/CommandBufferEncoder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+interface IEncoderFactory
+{
+    MTLRenderCommandEncoder CreateRenderCommandEncoder();
+    MTLComputeCommandEncoder CreateComputeCommandEncoder();
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Tracks active encoder object for a command buffer.
+/// </summary>
+[SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+class CommandBufferEncoder
+{
+    public EncoderType CurrentEncoderType { get; private set; } = EncoderType.None;
+
+    public MTLBlitCommandEncoder BlitEncoder => new(CurrentEncoder.Value);
+
+    public MTLComputeCommandEncoder ComputeEncoder => new(CurrentEncoder.Value);
+
+    public MTLRenderCommandEncoder RenderEncoder => new(CurrentEncoder.Value);
+
+    internal MTLCommandEncoder? CurrentEncoder { get; private set; }
+
+    private MTLCommandBuffer _commandBuffer;
+    private IEncoderFactory _encoderFactory;
+
+    public void Initialize(MTLCommandBuffer commandBuffer, IEncoderFactory encoderFactory)
+    {
+        _commandBuffer = commandBuffer;
+        _encoderFactory = encoderFactory;
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public MTLRenderCommandEncoder EnsureRenderEncoder()
+    {
+        if (CurrentEncoderType != EncoderType.Render)
+        {
+            return BeginRenderPass();
+        }
+
+        return RenderEncoder;
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public MTLBlitCommandEncoder EnsureBlitEncoder()
+    {
+        if (CurrentEncoderType != EncoderType.Blit)
+        {
+            return BeginBlitPass();
+        }
+
+        return BlitEncoder;
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public MTLComputeCommandEncoder EnsureComputeEncoder()
+    {
+        if (CurrentEncoderType != EncoderType.Compute)
+        {
+            return BeginComputePass();
+        }
+
+        return ComputeEncoder;
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public bool TryGetRenderEncoder(out MTLRenderCommandEncoder encoder)
+    {
+        if (CurrentEncoderType != EncoderType.Render)
+        {
+            encoder = default;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        encoder = RenderEncoder;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public bool TryGetBlitEncoder(out MTLBlitCommandEncoder encoder)
+    {
+        if (CurrentEncoderType != EncoderType.Blit)
+        {
+            encoder = default;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        encoder = BlitEncoder;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public bool TryGetComputeEncoder(out MTLComputeCommandEncoder encoder)
+    {
+        if (CurrentEncoderType != EncoderType.Compute)
+        {
+            encoder = default;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        encoder = ComputeEncoder;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public void EndCurrentPass()
+    {
+        if (CurrentEncoder != null)
+        {
+            switch (CurrentEncoderType)
+            {
+                case EncoderType.Blit:
+                    BlitEncoder.EndEncoding();
+                    CurrentEncoder = null;
+                    break;
+                case EncoderType.Compute:
+                    ComputeEncoder.EndEncoding();
+                    CurrentEncoder = null;
+                    break;
+                case EncoderType.Render:
+                    RenderEncoder.EndEncoding();
+                    CurrentEncoder = null;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    throw new InvalidOperationException();
+            }
+
+            CurrentEncoderType = EncoderType.None;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private MTLRenderCommandEncoder BeginRenderPass()
+    {
+        EndCurrentPass();
+
+        var renderCommandEncoder = _encoderFactory.CreateRenderCommandEncoder();
+
+        CurrentEncoder = renderCommandEncoder;
+        CurrentEncoderType = EncoderType.Render;
+
+        return renderCommandEncoder;
+    }
+
+    private MTLBlitCommandEncoder BeginBlitPass()
+    {
+        EndCurrentPass();
+
+        using var descriptor = new MTLBlitPassDescriptor();
+        var blitCommandEncoder = _commandBuffer.BlitCommandEncoder(descriptor);
+
+        CurrentEncoder = blitCommandEncoder;
+        CurrentEncoderType = EncoderType.Blit;
+        return blitCommandEncoder;
+    }
+
+    private MTLComputeCommandEncoder BeginComputePass()
+    {
+        EndCurrentPass();
+
+        var computeCommandEncoder = _encoderFactory.CreateComputeCommandEncoder();
+
+        CurrentEncoder = computeCommandEncoder;
+        CurrentEncoderType = EncoderType.Compute;
+        return computeCommandEncoder;
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/CommandBufferPool.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class CommandBufferPool : IDisposable
+    {
+        public const int MaxCommandBuffers = 16;
+
+        private readonly int _totalCommandBuffers;
+        private readonly int _totalCommandBuffersMask;
+        private readonly MTLCommandQueue _queue;
+        private readonly Thread _owner;
+        private IEncoderFactory _defaultEncoderFactory;
+
+        public bool OwnedByCurrentThread => _owner == Thread.CurrentThread;
+
+        [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+        private struct ReservedCommandBuffer
+        {
+            public bool InUse;
+            public bool InConsumption;
+            public int SubmissionCount;
+            public MTLCommandBuffer CommandBuffer;
+            public CommandBufferEncoder Encoders;
+            public FenceHolder Fence;
+
+            public List<IAuto> Dependants;
+            public List<MultiFenceHolder> Waitables;
+
+            public void Use(MTLCommandQueue queue, IEncoderFactory stateManager)
+            {
+                MTLCommandBufferDescriptor descriptor = new();
+#if DEBUG
+                descriptor.ErrorOptions = MTLCommandBufferErrorOption.EncoderExecutionStatus;
+#endif
+
+                CommandBuffer = queue.CommandBuffer(descriptor);
+                Fence = new FenceHolder(CommandBuffer);
+
+                Encoders.Initialize(CommandBuffer, stateManager);
+
+                InUse = true;
+            }
+
+            public void Initialize()
+            {
+                Dependants = new List<IAuto>();
+                Waitables = new List<MultiFenceHolder>();
+                Encoders = new CommandBufferEncoder();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private readonly ReservedCommandBuffer[] _commandBuffers;
+
+        private readonly int[] _queuedIndexes;
+        private int _queuedIndexesPtr;
+        private int _queuedCount;
+        private int _inUseCount;
+
+        public CommandBufferPool(MTLCommandQueue queue, bool isLight = false)
+        {
+            _queue = queue;
+            _owner = Thread.CurrentThread;
+
+            _totalCommandBuffers = isLight ? 2 : MaxCommandBuffers;
+            _totalCommandBuffersMask = _totalCommandBuffers - 1;
+
+            _commandBuffers = new ReservedCommandBuffer[_totalCommandBuffers];
+
+            _queuedIndexes = new int[_totalCommandBuffers];
+            _queuedIndexesPtr = 0;
+            _queuedCount = 0;
+        }
+
+        public void Initialize(IEncoderFactory encoderFactory)
+        {
+            _defaultEncoderFactory = encoderFactory;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < _totalCommandBuffers; i++)
+            {
+                _commandBuffers[i].Initialize();
+                WaitAndDecrementRef(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void AddDependant(int cbIndex, IAuto dependant)
+        {
+            dependant.IncrementReferenceCount();
+            _commandBuffers[cbIndex].Dependants.Add(dependant);
+        }
+
+        public void AddWaitable(MultiFenceHolder waitable)
+        {
+            lock (_commandBuffers)
+            {
+                for (int i = 0; i < _totalCommandBuffers; i++)
+                {
+                    ref var entry = ref _commandBuffers[i];
+
+                    if (entry.InConsumption)
+                    {
+                        AddWaitable(i, waitable);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void AddInUseWaitable(MultiFenceHolder waitable)
+        {
+            lock (_commandBuffers)
+            {
+                for (int i = 0; i < _totalCommandBuffers; i++)
+                {
+                    ref var entry = ref _commandBuffers[i];
+
+                    if (entry.InUse)
+                    {
+                        AddWaitable(i, waitable);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void AddWaitable(int cbIndex, MultiFenceHolder waitable)
+        {
+            ref var entry = ref _commandBuffers[cbIndex];
+            if (waitable.AddFence(cbIndex, entry.Fence))
+            {
+                entry.Waitables.Add(waitable);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public bool IsFenceOnRentedCommandBuffer(FenceHolder fence)
+        {
+            lock (_commandBuffers)
+            {
+                for (int i = 0; i < _totalCommandBuffers; i++)
+                {
+                    ref var entry = ref _commandBuffers[i];
+
+                    if (entry.InUse && entry.Fence == fence)
+                    {
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public FenceHolder GetFence(int cbIndex)
+        {
+            return _commandBuffers[cbIndex].Fence;
+        }
+
+        public int GetSubmissionCount(int cbIndex)
+        {
+            return _commandBuffers[cbIndex].SubmissionCount;
+        }
+
+        private int FreeConsumed(bool wait)
+        {
+            int freeEntry = 0;
+
+            while (_queuedCount > 0)
+            {
+                int index = _queuedIndexes[_queuedIndexesPtr];
+
+                ref var entry = ref _commandBuffers[index];
+
+                if (wait || !entry.InConsumption || entry.Fence.IsSignaled())
+                {
+                    WaitAndDecrementRef(index);
+
+                    wait = false;
+                    freeEntry = index;
+
+                    _queuedCount--;
+                    _queuedIndexesPtr = (_queuedIndexesPtr + 1) % _totalCommandBuffers;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return freeEntry;
+        }
+
+        public CommandBufferScoped ReturnAndRent(CommandBufferScoped cbs)
+        {
+            Return(cbs);
+            return Rent();
+        }
+
+        public CommandBufferScoped Rent()
+        {
+            lock (_commandBuffers)
+            {
+                int cursor = FreeConsumed(_inUseCount + _queuedCount == _totalCommandBuffers);
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < _totalCommandBuffers; i++)
+                {
+                    ref var entry = ref _commandBuffers[cursor];
+
+                    if (!entry.InUse && !entry.InConsumption)
+                    {
+                        entry.Use(_queue, _defaultEncoderFactory);
+
+                        _inUseCount++;
+
+                        return new CommandBufferScoped(this, entry.CommandBuffer, entry.Encoders, cursor);
+                    }
+
+                    cursor = (cursor + 1) & _totalCommandBuffersMask;
+                }
+            }
+
+            throw new InvalidOperationException($"Out of command buffers (In use: {_inUseCount}, queued: {_queuedCount}, total: {_totalCommandBuffers})");
+        }
+
+        public void Return(CommandBufferScoped cbs)
+        {
+            // Ensure the encoder is committed.
+            cbs.Encoders.EndCurrentPass();
+
+            lock (_commandBuffers)
+            {
+                int cbIndex = cbs.CommandBufferIndex;
+
+                ref var entry = ref _commandBuffers[cbIndex];
+
+                Debug.Assert(entry.InUse);
+                Debug.Assert(entry.CommandBuffer.NativePtr == cbs.CommandBuffer.NativePtr);
+                entry.InUse = false;
+                entry.InConsumption = true;
+                entry.SubmissionCount++;
+                _inUseCount--;
+
+                var commandBuffer = entry.CommandBuffer;
+                commandBuffer.Commit();
+
+                int ptr = (_queuedIndexesPtr + _queuedCount) % _totalCommandBuffers;
+                _queuedIndexes[ptr] = cbIndex;
+                _queuedCount++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void WaitAndDecrementRef(int cbIndex)
+        {
+            ref var entry = ref _commandBuffers[cbIndex];
+
+            if (entry.InConsumption)
+            {
+                entry.Fence.Wait();
+                entry.InConsumption = false;
+            }
+
+            foreach (var dependant in entry.Dependants)
+            {
+                dependant.DecrementReferenceCount(cbIndex);
+            }
+
+            foreach (var waitable in entry.Waitables)
+            {
+                waitable.RemoveFence(cbIndex);
+                waitable.RemoveBufferUses(cbIndex);
+            }
+
+            entry.Dependants.Clear();
+            entry.Waitables.Clear();
+            entry.Fence?.Dispose();
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < _totalCommandBuffers; i++)
+            {
+                WaitAndDecrementRef(i);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/CommandBufferScoped.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    readonly struct CommandBufferScoped : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly CommandBufferPool _pool;
+        public MTLCommandBuffer CommandBuffer { get; }
+        public CommandBufferEncoder Encoders { get; }
+        public int CommandBufferIndex { get; }
+
+        public CommandBufferScoped(CommandBufferPool pool, MTLCommandBuffer commandBuffer, CommandBufferEncoder encoders, int commandBufferIndex)
+        {
+            _pool = pool;
+            CommandBuffer = commandBuffer;
+            Encoders = encoders;
+            CommandBufferIndex = commandBufferIndex;
+        }
+
+        public void AddDependant(IAuto dependant)
+        {
+            _pool.AddDependant(CommandBufferIndex, dependant);
+        }
+
+        public void AddWaitable(MultiFenceHolder waitable)
+        {
+            _pool.AddWaitable(CommandBufferIndex, waitable);
+        }
+
+        public FenceHolder GetFence()
+        {
+            return _pool.GetFence(CommandBufferIndex);
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _pool?.Return(this);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Constants.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    static class Constants
+    {
+        public const int MaxShaderStages = 5;
+        public const int MaxVertexBuffers = 16;
+        public const int MaxUniformBuffersPerStage = 18;
+        public const int MaxStorageBuffersPerStage = 16;
+        public const int MaxTexturesPerStage = 64;
+        public const int MaxImagesPerStage = 16;
+
+        public const int MaxUniformBufferBindings = MaxUniformBuffersPerStage * MaxShaderStages;
+        public const int MaxStorageBufferBindings = MaxStorageBuffersPerStage * MaxShaderStages;
+        public const int MaxTextureBindings = MaxTexturesPerStage * MaxShaderStages;
+        public const int MaxImageBindings = MaxImagesPerStage * MaxShaderStages;
+        public const int MaxColorAttachments = 8;
+        public const int MaxViewports = 16;
+        // TODO: Check this value
+        public const int MaxVertexAttributes = 31;
+
+        public const int MinResourceAlignment = 16;
+
+        // Must match constants set in shader generation
+        public const uint ZeroBufferIndex = MaxVertexBuffers;
+        public const uint BaseSetIndex = MaxVertexBuffers + 1;
+
+        public const uint ConstantBuffersIndex = BaseSetIndex;
+        public const uint StorageBuffersIndex = BaseSetIndex + 1;
+        public const uint TexturesIndex = BaseSetIndex + 2;
+        public const uint ImagesIndex = BaseSetIndex + 3;
+
+        public const uint ConstantBuffersSetIndex = 0;
+        public const uint StorageBuffersSetIndex = 1;
+        public const uint TexturesSetIndex = 2;
+        public const uint ImagesSetIndex = 3;
+
+        public const uint MaximumBufferArgumentTableEntries = 31;
+
+        public const uint MaximumExtraSets = MaximumBufferArgumentTableEntries - ImagesIndex;
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/CounterEvent.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    class CounterEvent : ICounterEvent
+    {
+        public CounterEvent()
+        {
+            Invalid = false;
+        }
+
+        public bool Invalid { get; set; }
+        public bool ReserveForHostAccess()
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public void Flush() { }
+
+        public void Dispose() { }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/DepthStencilCache.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.State;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class DepthStencilCache : StateCache<MTLDepthStencilState, DepthStencilUid, DepthStencilUid>
+    {
+        private readonly MTLDevice _device;
+
+        public DepthStencilCache(MTLDevice device)
+        {
+            _device = device;
+        }
+
+        protected override DepthStencilUid GetHash(DepthStencilUid descriptor)
+        {
+            return descriptor;
+        }
+
+        protected override MTLDepthStencilState CreateValue(DepthStencilUid descriptor)
+        {
+            // Create descriptors
+
+            ref StencilUid frontUid = ref descriptor.FrontFace;
+
+            using var frontFaceStencil = new MTLStencilDescriptor
+            {
+                StencilFailureOperation = frontUid.StencilFailureOperation,
+                DepthFailureOperation = frontUid.DepthFailureOperation,
+                DepthStencilPassOperation = frontUid.DepthStencilPassOperation,
+                StencilCompareFunction = frontUid.StencilCompareFunction,
+                ReadMask = frontUid.ReadMask,
+                WriteMask = frontUid.WriteMask
+            };
+
+            ref StencilUid backUid = ref descriptor.BackFace;
+
+            using var backFaceStencil = new MTLStencilDescriptor
+            {
+                StencilFailureOperation = backUid.StencilFailureOperation,
+                DepthFailureOperation = backUid.DepthFailureOperation,
+                DepthStencilPassOperation = backUid.DepthStencilPassOperation,
+                StencilCompareFunction = backUid.StencilCompareFunction,
+                ReadMask = backUid.ReadMask,
+                WriteMask = backUid.WriteMask
+            };
+
+            var mtlDescriptor = new MTLDepthStencilDescriptor
+            {
+                DepthCompareFunction = descriptor.DepthCompareFunction,
+                DepthWriteEnabled = descriptor.DepthWriteEnabled
+            };
+
+            if (descriptor.StencilTestEnabled)
+            {
+                mtlDescriptor.BackFaceStencil = backFaceStencil;
+                mtlDescriptor.FrontFaceStencil = frontFaceStencil;
+            }
+
+            using (mtlDescriptor)
+            {
+                return _device.NewDepthStencilState(mtlDescriptor);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/DisposableBuffer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    readonly struct DisposableBuffer : IDisposable
+    {
+        public MTLBuffer Value { get; }
+
+        public DisposableBuffer(MTLBuffer buffer)
+        {
+            Value = buffer;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (Value != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                Value.SetPurgeableState(MTLPurgeableState.Empty);
+                Value.Dispose();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/DisposableSampler.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    readonly struct DisposableSampler : IDisposable
+    {
+        public MTLSamplerState Value { get; }
+
+        public DisposableSampler(MTLSamplerState sampler)
+        {
+            Value = sampler;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            Value.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Effects/IPostProcessingEffect.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.Effects
+{
+    internal interface IPostProcessingEffect : IDisposable
+    {
+        const int LocalGroupSize = 64;
+        Texture Run(Texture view, int width, int height);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Effects/IScalingFilter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.Effects
+{
+    internal interface IScalingFilter : IDisposable
+    {
+        float Level { get; set; }
+        void Run(
+            Texture view,
+            Texture destinationTexture,
+            Format format,
+            int width,
+            int height,
+            Extents2D source,
+            Extents2D destination);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/EncoderResources.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    public struct RenderEncoderBindings
+    {
+        public List<Resource> Resources = new();
+        public List<BufferResource> VertexBuffers = new();
+        public List<BufferResource> FragmentBuffers = new();
+
+        public RenderEncoderBindings() { }
+
+        public readonly void Clear()
+        {
+            Resources.Clear();
+            VertexBuffers.Clear();
+            FragmentBuffers.Clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public struct ComputeEncoderBindings
+    {
+        public List<Resource> Resources = new();
+        public List<BufferResource> Buffers = new();
+
+        public ComputeEncoderBindings() { }
+
+        public readonly void Clear()
+        {
+            Resources.Clear();
+            Buffers.Clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public struct BufferResource
+    {
+        public MTLBuffer Buffer;
+        public ulong Offset;
+        public ulong Binding;
+
+        public BufferResource(MTLBuffer buffer, ulong offset, ulong binding)
+        {
+            Buffer = buffer;
+            Offset = offset;
+            Binding = binding;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public struct Resource
+    {
+        public MTLResource MtlResource;
+        public MTLResourceUsage ResourceUsage;
+        public MTLRenderStages Stages;
+
+        public Resource(MTLResource resource, MTLResourceUsage resourceUsage, MTLRenderStages stages)
+        {
+            MtlResource = resource;
+            ResourceUsage = resourceUsage;
+            Stages = stages;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/EncoderState.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.State;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [Flags]
+    enum DirtyFlags
+    {
+        None = 0,
+        RenderPipeline = 1 << 0,
+        ComputePipeline = 1 << 1,
+        DepthStencil = 1 << 2,
+        DepthClamp = 1 << 3,
+        DepthBias = 1 << 4,
+        CullMode = 1 << 5,
+        FrontFace = 1 << 6,
+        StencilRef = 1 << 7,
+        Viewports = 1 << 8,
+        Scissors = 1 << 9,
+        Uniforms = 1 << 10,
+        Storages = 1 << 11,
+        Textures = 1 << 12,
+        Images = 1 << 13,
+
+        ArgBuffers = Uniforms | Storages | Textures | Images,
+
+        RenderAll = RenderPipeline | DepthStencil | DepthClamp | DepthBias | CullMode | FrontFace | StencilRef | Viewports | Scissors | ArgBuffers,
+        ComputeAll = ComputePipeline | ArgBuffers,
+        All = RenderAll | ComputeAll,
+    }
+
+    record struct BufferRef
+    {
+        public Auto<DisposableBuffer> Buffer;
+        public BufferRange? Range;
+
+        public BufferRef(Auto<DisposableBuffer> buffer)
+        {
+            Buffer = buffer;
+        }
+
+        public BufferRef(Auto<DisposableBuffer> buffer, ref BufferRange range)
+        {
+            Buffer = buffer;
+            Range = range;
+        }
+    }
+
+    record struct TextureRef
+    {
+        public ShaderStage Stage;
+        public TextureBase Storage;
+        public Auto<DisposableSampler> Sampler;
+        public Format ImageFormat;
+
+        public TextureRef(ShaderStage stage, TextureBase storage, Auto<DisposableSampler> sampler)
+        {
+            Stage = stage;
+            Storage = storage;
+            Sampler = sampler;
+        }
+    }
+
+    record struct ImageRef
+    {
+        public ShaderStage Stage;
+        public Texture Storage;
+
+        public ImageRef(ShaderStage stage, Texture storage)
+        {
+            Stage = stage;
+            Storage = storage;
+        }
+    }
+
+    struct PredrawState
+    {
+        public MTLCullMode CullMode;
+        public DepthStencilUid DepthStencilUid;
+        public PrimitiveTopology Topology;
+        public MTLViewport[] Viewports;
+    }
+
+    struct RenderTargetCopy
+    {
+        public MTLScissorRect[] Scissors;
+        public Texture DepthStencil;
+        public Texture[] RenderTargets;
+    }
+
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class EncoderState
+    {
+        public Program RenderProgram = null;
+        public Program ComputeProgram = null;
+
+        public PipelineState Pipeline;
+        public DepthStencilUid DepthStencilUid;
+
+        public readonly record struct ArrayRef<T>(ShaderStage Stage, T Array);
+
+        public readonly BufferRef[] UniformBufferRefs = new BufferRef[Constants.MaxUniformBufferBindings];
+        public readonly BufferRef[] StorageBufferRefs = new BufferRef[Constants.MaxStorageBufferBindings];
+        public readonly TextureRef[] TextureRefs = new TextureRef[Constants.MaxTextureBindings * 2];
+        public readonly ImageRef[] ImageRefs = new ImageRef[Constants.MaxImageBindings * 2];
+
+        public ArrayRef<TextureArray>[] TextureArrayRefs = [];
+        public ArrayRef<ImageArray>[] ImageArrayRefs = [];
+
+        public ArrayRef<TextureArray>[] TextureArrayExtraRefs = [];
+        public ArrayRef<ImageArray>[] ImageArrayExtraRefs = [];
+
+        public IndexBufferState IndexBuffer = default;
+
+        public MTLDepthClipMode DepthClipMode = MTLDepthClipMode.Clip;
+
+        public float DepthBias;
+        public float SlopeScale;
+        public float Clamp;
+
+        public int BackRefValue = 0;
+        public int FrontRefValue = 0;
+
+        public PrimitiveTopology Topology = PrimitiveTopology.Triangles;
+        public MTLCullMode CullMode = MTLCullMode.None;
+        public MTLWinding Winding = MTLWinding.CounterClockwise;
+        public bool CullBoth = false;
+
+        public MTLViewport[] Viewports = new MTLViewport[Constants.MaxViewports];
+        public MTLScissorRect[] Scissors = new MTLScissorRect[Constants.MaxViewports];
+
+        // Changes to attachments take recreation!
+        public Texture DepthStencil;
+        public Texture[] RenderTargets = new Texture[Constants.MaxColorAttachments];
+        public ITexture PreMaskDepthStencil = default;
+        public ITexture[] PreMaskRenderTargets;
+        public bool FramebufferUsingColorWriteMask;
+
+        public Array8<ColorBlendStateUid> StoredBlend;
+        public ColorF BlendColor = new();
+
+        public readonly VertexBufferState[] VertexBuffers = new VertexBufferState[Constants.MaxVertexBuffers];
+        public readonly VertexAttribDescriptor[] VertexAttribs = new VertexAttribDescriptor[Constants.MaxVertexAttributes];
+        // Dirty flags
+        public DirtyFlags Dirty = DirtyFlags.None;
+
+        // Only to be used for present
+        public bool ClearLoadAction = false;
+
+        public RenderEncoderBindings RenderEncoderBindings = new();
+        public ComputeEncoderBindings ComputeEncoderBindings = new();
+
+        public EncoderState()
+        {
+            Pipeline.Initialize();
+            DepthStencilUid.DepthCompareFunction = MTLCompareFunction.Always;
+        }
+
+        public RenderTargetCopy InheritForClear(EncoderState other, bool depth, int singleIndex = -1)
+        {
+            // Inherit render target related information without causing a render encoder split.
+
+            var oldState = new RenderTargetCopy
+            {
+                Scissors = other.Scissors,
+                RenderTargets = other.RenderTargets,
+                DepthStencil = other.DepthStencil
+            };
+
+            Scissors = other.Scissors;
+            RenderTargets = other.RenderTargets;
+            DepthStencil = other.DepthStencil;
+
+            Pipeline.ColorBlendAttachmentStateCount = other.Pipeline.ColorBlendAttachmentStateCount;
+            Pipeline.Internal.ColorBlendState = other.Pipeline.Internal.ColorBlendState;
+            Pipeline.DepthStencilFormat = other.Pipeline.DepthStencilFormat;
+
+            ref var blendStates = ref Pipeline.Internal.ColorBlendState;
+
+            // Mask out irrelevant attachments.
+            for (int i = 0; i < blendStates.Length; i++)
+            {
+                if (depth || (singleIndex != -1 && singleIndex != i))
+                {
+                    blendStates[i].WriteMask = MTLColorWriteMask.None;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return oldState;
+        }
+
+        public void Restore(RenderTargetCopy copy)
+        {
+            Scissors = copy.Scissors;
+            RenderTargets = copy.RenderTargets;
+            DepthStencil = copy.DepthStencil;
+
+            Pipeline.Internal.ResetColorState();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/EnumConversion.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    static class EnumConversion
+    {
+        public static MTLSamplerAddressMode Convert(this AddressMode mode)
+        {
+            return mode switch
+            {
+                AddressMode.Clamp => MTLSamplerAddressMode.ClampToEdge, // TODO: Should be clamp.
+                AddressMode.Repeat => MTLSamplerAddressMode.Repeat,
+                AddressMode.MirrorClamp => MTLSamplerAddressMode.MirrorClampToEdge, // TODO: Should be mirror clamp.
+                AddressMode.MirroredRepeat => MTLSamplerAddressMode.MirrorRepeat,
+                AddressMode.ClampToBorder => MTLSamplerAddressMode.ClampToBorderColor,
+                AddressMode.ClampToEdge => MTLSamplerAddressMode.ClampToEdge,
+                AddressMode.MirrorClampToEdge => MTLSamplerAddressMode.MirrorClampToEdge,
+                AddressMode.MirrorClampToBorder => MTLSamplerAddressMode.ClampToBorderColor, // TODO: Should be mirror clamp to border.
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(mode, nameof(AddressMode), MTLSamplerAddressMode.ClampToEdge) // TODO: Should be clamp.
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLBlendFactor Convert(this BlendFactor factor)
+        {
+            return factor switch
+            {
+                BlendFactor.Zero or BlendFactor.ZeroGl => MTLBlendFactor.Zero,
+                BlendFactor.One or BlendFactor.OneGl => MTLBlendFactor.One,
+                BlendFactor.SrcColor or BlendFactor.SrcColorGl => MTLBlendFactor.SourceColor,
+                BlendFactor.OneMinusSrcColor or BlendFactor.OneMinusSrcColorGl => MTLBlendFactor.OneMinusSourceColor,
+                BlendFactor.SrcAlpha or BlendFactor.SrcAlphaGl => MTLBlendFactor.SourceAlpha,
+                BlendFactor.OneMinusSrcAlpha or BlendFactor.OneMinusSrcAlphaGl => MTLBlendFactor.OneMinusSourceAlpha,
+                BlendFactor.DstAlpha or BlendFactor.DstAlphaGl => MTLBlendFactor.DestinationAlpha,
+                BlendFactor.OneMinusDstAlpha or BlendFactor.OneMinusDstAlphaGl => MTLBlendFactor.OneMinusDestinationAlpha,
+                BlendFactor.DstColor or BlendFactor.DstColorGl => MTLBlendFactor.DestinationColor,
+                BlendFactor.OneMinusDstColor or BlendFactor.OneMinusDstColorGl => MTLBlendFactor.OneMinusDestinationColor,
+                BlendFactor.SrcAlphaSaturate or BlendFactor.SrcAlphaSaturateGl => MTLBlendFactor.SourceAlphaSaturated,
+                BlendFactor.Src1Color or BlendFactor.Src1ColorGl => MTLBlendFactor.Source1Color,
+                BlendFactor.OneMinusSrc1Color or BlendFactor.OneMinusSrc1ColorGl => MTLBlendFactor.OneMinusSource1Color,
+                BlendFactor.Src1Alpha or BlendFactor.Src1AlphaGl => MTLBlendFactor.Source1Alpha,
+                BlendFactor.OneMinusSrc1Alpha or BlendFactor.OneMinusSrc1AlphaGl => MTLBlendFactor.OneMinusSource1Alpha,
+                BlendFactor.ConstantColor => MTLBlendFactor.BlendColor,
+                BlendFactor.OneMinusConstantColor => MTLBlendFactor.OneMinusBlendColor,
+                BlendFactor.ConstantAlpha => MTLBlendFactor.BlendAlpha,
+                BlendFactor.OneMinusConstantAlpha => MTLBlendFactor.OneMinusBlendAlpha,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(factor, nameof(BlendFactor), MTLBlendFactor.Zero)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLBlendOperation Convert(this BlendOp op)
+        {
+            return op switch
+            {
+                BlendOp.Add or BlendOp.AddGl => MTLBlendOperation.Add,
+                BlendOp.Subtract or BlendOp.SubtractGl => MTLBlendOperation.Subtract,
+                BlendOp.ReverseSubtract or BlendOp.ReverseSubtractGl => MTLBlendOperation.ReverseSubtract,
+                BlendOp.Minimum => MTLBlendOperation.Min,
+                BlendOp.Maximum => MTLBlendOperation.Max,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(op, nameof(BlendOp), MTLBlendOperation.Add)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLCompareFunction Convert(this CompareOp op)
+        {
+            return op switch
+            {
+                CompareOp.Never or CompareOp.NeverGl => MTLCompareFunction.Never,
+                CompareOp.Less or CompareOp.LessGl => MTLCompareFunction.Less,
+                CompareOp.Equal or CompareOp.EqualGl => MTLCompareFunction.Equal,
+                CompareOp.LessOrEqual or CompareOp.LessOrEqualGl => MTLCompareFunction.LessEqual,
+                CompareOp.Greater or CompareOp.GreaterGl => MTLCompareFunction.Greater,
+                CompareOp.NotEqual or CompareOp.NotEqualGl => MTLCompareFunction.NotEqual,
+                CompareOp.GreaterOrEqual or CompareOp.GreaterOrEqualGl => MTLCompareFunction.GreaterEqual,
+                CompareOp.Always or CompareOp.AlwaysGl => MTLCompareFunction.Always,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(op, nameof(CompareOp), MTLCompareFunction.Never)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLCullMode Convert(this Face face)
+        {
+            return face switch
+            {
+                Face.Back => MTLCullMode.Back,
+                Face.Front => MTLCullMode.Front,
+                Face.FrontAndBack => MTLCullMode.None,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(face, nameof(Face), MTLCullMode.Back)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLWinding Convert(this FrontFace frontFace)
+        {
+            // The viewport is flipped vertically, therefore we need to switch the winding order as well
+            return frontFace switch
+            {
+                FrontFace.Clockwise => MTLWinding.CounterClockwise,
+                FrontFace.CounterClockwise => MTLWinding.Clockwise,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(frontFace, nameof(FrontFace), MTLWinding.Clockwise)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLIndexType Convert(this IndexType type)
+        {
+            return type switch
+            {
+                IndexType.UShort => MTLIndexType.UInt16,
+                IndexType.UInt => MTLIndexType.UInt32,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(type, nameof(IndexType), MTLIndexType.UInt16)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLLogicOperation Convert(this LogicalOp op)
+        {
+            return op switch
+            {
+                LogicalOp.Clear => MTLLogicOperation.Clear,
+                LogicalOp.And => MTLLogicOperation.And,
+                LogicalOp.AndReverse => MTLLogicOperation.AndReverse,
+                LogicalOp.Copy => MTLLogicOperation.Copy,
+                LogicalOp.AndInverted => MTLLogicOperation.AndInverted,
+                LogicalOp.Noop => MTLLogicOperation.Noop,
+                LogicalOp.Xor => MTLLogicOperation.Xor,
+                LogicalOp.Or => MTLLogicOperation.Or,
+                LogicalOp.Nor => MTLLogicOperation.Nor,
+                LogicalOp.Equiv => MTLLogicOperation.Equivalence,
+                LogicalOp.Invert => MTLLogicOperation.Invert,
+                LogicalOp.OrReverse => MTLLogicOperation.OrReverse,
+                LogicalOp.CopyInverted => MTLLogicOperation.CopyInverted,
+                LogicalOp.OrInverted => MTLLogicOperation.OrInverted,
+                LogicalOp.Nand => MTLLogicOperation.Nand,
+                LogicalOp.Set => MTLLogicOperation.Set,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(op, nameof(LogicalOp), MTLLogicOperation.And)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLSamplerMinMagFilter Convert(this MagFilter filter)
+        {
+            return filter switch
+            {
+                MagFilter.Nearest => MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Nearest,
+                MagFilter.Linear => MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Linear,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(filter, nameof(MagFilter), MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Nearest)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static (MTLSamplerMinMagFilter, MTLSamplerMipFilter) Convert(this MinFilter filter)
+        {
+            return filter switch
+            {
+                MinFilter.Nearest => (MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Nearest, MTLSamplerMipFilter.Nearest),
+                MinFilter.Linear => (MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Linear, MTLSamplerMipFilter.Linear),
+                MinFilter.NearestMipmapNearest => (MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Nearest, MTLSamplerMipFilter.Nearest),
+                MinFilter.LinearMipmapNearest => (MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Linear, MTLSamplerMipFilter.Nearest),
+                MinFilter.NearestMipmapLinear => (MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Nearest, MTLSamplerMipFilter.Linear),
+                MinFilter.LinearMipmapLinear => (MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Linear, MTLSamplerMipFilter.Linear),
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(filter, nameof(MinFilter), (MTLSamplerMinMagFilter.Nearest, MTLSamplerMipFilter.Nearest))
+
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLPrimitiveType Convert(this PrimitiveTopology topology)
+        {
+            return topology switch
+            {
+                PrimitiveTopology.Points => MTLPrimitiveType.Point,
+                PrimitiveTopology.Lines => MTLPrimitiveType.Line,
+                PrimitiveTopology.LineStrip => MTLPrimitiveType.LineStrip,
+                PrimitiveTopology.Triangles => MTLPrimitiveType.Triangle,
+                PrimitiveTopology.TriangleStrip => MTLPrimitiveType.TriangleStrip,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(topology, nameof(PrimitiveTopology), MTLPrimitiveType.Triangle)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLStencilOperation Convert(this StencilOp op)
+        {
+            return op switch
+            {
+                StencilOp.Keep or StencilOp.KeepGl => MTLStencilOperation.Keep,
+                StencilOp.Zero or StencilOp.ZeroGl => MTLStencilOperation.Zero,
+                StencilOp.Replace or StencilOp.ReplaceGl => MTLStencilOperation.Replace,
+                StencilOp.IncrementAndClamp or StencilOp.IncrementAndClampGl => MTLStencilOperation.IncrementClamp,
+                StencilOp.DecrementAndClamp or StencilOp.DecrementAndClampGl => MTLStencilOperation.DecrementClamp,
+                StencilOp.Invert or StencilOp.InvertGl => MTLStencilOperation.Invert,
+                StencilOp.IncrementAndWrap or StencilOp.IncrementAndWrapGl => MTLStencilOperation.IncrementWrap,
+                StencilOp.DecrementAndWrap or StencilOp.DecrementAndWrapGl => MTLStencilOperation.DecrementWrap,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(op, nameof(StencilOp), MTLStencilOperation.Keep)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLTextureType Convert(this Target target)
+        {
+            return target switch
+            {
+                Target.TextureBuffer => MTLTextureType.TextureBuffer,
+                Target.Texture1D => MTLTextureType.Type1D,
+                Target.Texture1DArray => MTLTextureType.Type1DArray,
+                Target.Texture2D => MTLTextureType.Type2D,
+                Target.Texture2DArray => MTLTextureType.Type2DArray,
+                Target.Texture2DMultisample => MTLTextureType.Type2DMultisample,
+                Target.Texture2DMultisampleArray => MTLTextureType.Type2DMultisampleArray,
+                Target.Texture3D => MTLTextureType.Type3D,
+                Target.Cubemap => MTLTextureType.Cube,
+                Target.CubemapArray => MTLTextureType.CubeArray,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(target, nameof(Target), MTLTextureType.Type2D)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLTextureSwizzle Convert(this SwizzleComponent swizzleComponent)
+        {
+            return swizzleComponent switch
+            {
+                SwizzleComponent.Zero => MTLTextureSwizzle.Zero,
+                SwizzleComponent.One => MTLTextureSwizzle.One,
+                SwizzleComponent.Red => MTLTextureSwizzle.Red,
+                SwizzleComponent.Green => MTLTextureSwizzle.Green,
+                SwizzleComponent.Blue => MTLTextureSwizzle.Blue,
+                SwizzleComponent.Alpha => MTLTextureSwizzle.Alpha,
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(swizzleComponent, nameof(SwizzleComponent), MTLTextureSwizzle.Zero)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static MTLVertexFormat Convert(this Format format)
+        {
+            return format switch
+            {
+                Format.R16Float => MTLVertexFormat.Half,
+                Format.R16G16Float => MTLVertexFormat.Half2,
+                Format.R16G16B16Float => MTLVertexFormat.Half3,
+                Format.R16G16B16A16Float => MTLVertexFormat.Half4,
+                Format.R32Float => MTLVertexFormat.Float,
+                Format.R32G32Float => MTLVertexFormat.Float2,
+                Format.R32G32B32Float => MTLVertexFormat.Float3,
+                Format.R11G11B10Float => MTLVertexFormat.FloatRG11B10,
+                Format.R32G32B32A32Float => MTLVertexFormat.Float4,
+                Format.R8Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UChar,
+                Format.R8G8Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UChar2,
+                Format.R8G8B8Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UChar3,
+                Format.R8G8B8A8Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UChar4,
+                Format.R16Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UShort,
+                Format.R16G16Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UShort2,
+                Format.R16G16B16Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UShort3,
+                Format.R16G16B16A16Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UShort4,
+                Format.R32Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UInt,
+                Format.R32G32Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UInt2,
+                Format.R32G32B32Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UInt3,
+                Format.R32G32B32A32Uint => MTLVertexFormat.UInt4,
+                Format.R8Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Char,
+                Format.R8G8Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Char2,
+                Format.R8G8B8Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Char3,
+                Format.R8G8B8A8Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Char4,
+                Format.R16Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Short,
+                Format.R16G16Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Short2,
+                Format.R16G16B16Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Short3,
+                Format.R16G16B16A16Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Short4,
+                Format.R32Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Int,
+                Format.R32G32Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Int2,
+                Format.R32G32B32Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Int3,
+                Format.R32G32B32A32Sint => MTLVertexFormat.Int4,
+                Format.R8Unorm => MTLVertexFormat.UCharNormalized,
+                Format.R8G8Unorm => MTLVertexFormat.UChar2Normalized,
+                Format.R8G8B8Unorm => MTLVertexFormat.UChar3Normalized,
+                Format.R8G8B8A8Unorm => MTLVertexFormat.UChar4Normalized,
+                Format.R16Unorm => MTLVertexFormat.UShortNormalized,
+                Format.R16G16Unorm => MTLVertexFormat.UShort2Normalized,
+                Format.R16G16B16Unorm => MTLVertexFormat.UShort3Normalized,
+                Format.R16G16B16A16Unorm => MTLVertexFormat.UShort4Normalized,
+                Format.R10G10B10A2Unorm => MTLVertexFormat.UInt1010102Normalized,
+                Format.R8Snorm => MTLVertexFormat.CharNormalized,
+                Format.R8G8Snorm => MTLVertexFormat.Char2Normalized,
+                Format.R8G8B8Snorm => MTLVertexFormat.Char3Normalized,
+                Format.R8G8B8A8Snorm => MTLVertexFormat.Char4Normalized,
+                Format.R16Snorm => MTLVertexFormat.ShortNormalized,
+                Format.R16G16Snorm => MTLVertexFormat.Short2Normalized,
+                Format.R16G16B16Snorm => MTLVertexFormat.Short3Normalized,
+                Format.R16G16B16A16Snorm => MTLVertexFormat.Short4Normalized,
+                Format.R10G10B10A2Snorm => MTLVertexFormat.Int1010102Normalized,
+
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(format, nameof(Format), MTLVertexFormat.Float4)
+            };
+        }
+
+        private static T2 LogInvalidAndReturn<T1, T2>(T1 value, string name, T2 defaultValue = default)
+        {
+            Logger.Debug?.Print(LogClass.Gpu, $"Invalid {name} enum value: {value}.");
+
+            return defaultValue;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/FenceHolder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class FenceHolder : IDisposable
+    {
+        private MTLCommandBuffer _fence;
+        private int _referenceCount;
+        private bool _disposed;
+
+        public FenceHolder(MTLCommandBuffer fence)
+        {
+            _fence = fence;
+            _referenceCount = 1;
+        }
+
+        public MTLCommandBuffer GetUnsafe()
+        {
+            return _fence;
+        }
+
+        public bool TryGet(out MTLCommandBuffer fence)
+        {
+            int lastValue;
+            do
+            {
+                lastValue = _referenceCount;
+
+                if (lastValue == 0)
+                {
+                    fence = default;
+                    return false;
+                }
+            } while (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _referenceCount, lastValue + 1, lastValue) != lastValue);
+
+            fence = _fence;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public MTLCommandBuffer Get()
+        {
+            Interlocked.Increment(ref _referenceCount);
+            return _fence;
+        }
+
+        public void Put()
+        {
+            if (Interlocked.Decrement(ref _referenceCount) == 0)
+            {
+                _fence = default;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Wait()
+        {
+            _fence.WaitUntilCompleted();
+        }
+
+        public bool IsSignaled()
+        {
+            return _fence.Status == MTLCommandBufferStatus.Completed;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (!_disposed)
+            {
+                Put();
+                _disposed = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/FormatConverter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    class FormatConverter
+    {
+        public static void ConvertD24S8ToD32FS8(Span<byte> output, ReadOnlySpan<byte> input)
+        {
+            const float UnormToFloat = 1f / 0xffffff;
+
+            Span<uint> outputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            ReadOnlySpan<uint> inputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(input);
+
+            int i = 0;
+
+            for (; i < inputUint.Length; i++)
+            {
+                uint depthStencil = inputUint[i];
+                uint depth = depthStencil >> 8;
+                uint stencil = depthStencil & 0xff;
+
+                int j = i * 2;
+
+                outputUint[j] = (uint)BitConverter.SingleToInt32Bits(depth * UnormToFloat);
+                outputUint[j + 1] = stencil;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void ConvertD32FS8ToD24S8(Span<byte> output, ReadOnlySpan<byte> input)
+        {
+            Span<uint> outputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            ReadOnlySpan<uint> inputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(input);
+
+            int i = 0;
+
+            for (; i < inputUint.Length; i += 2)
+            {
+                float depth = BitConverter.Int32BitsToSingle((int)inputUint[i]);
+                uint stencil = inputUint[i + 1];
+                uint depthStencil = (Math.Clamp((uint)(depth * 0xffffff), 0, 0xffffff) << 8) | (stencil & 0xff);
+
+                int j = i >> 1;
+
+                outputUint[j] = depthStencil;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/FormatTable.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    static class FormatTable
+    {
+        private static readonly MTLPixelFormat[] _table;
+
+        static FormatTable()
+        {
+            _table = new MTLPixelFormat[Enum.GetNames(typeof(Format)).Length];
+
+            Add(Format.R8Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.R8Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R8Snorm, MTLPixelFormat.R8Snorm);
+            Add(Format.R8Uint, MTLPixelFormat.R8Uint);
+            Add(Format.R8Sint, MTLPixelFormat.R8Sint);
+            Add(Format.R16Float, MTLPixelFormat.R16Float);
+            Add(Format.R16Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.R16Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R16Snorm, MTLPixelFormat.R16Snorm);
+            Add(Format.R16Uint, MTLPixelFormat.R16Uint);
+            Add(Format.R16Sint, MTLPixelFormat.R16Sint);
+            Add(Format.R32Float, MTLPixelFormat.R32Float);
+            Add(Format.R32Uint, MTLPixelFormat.R32Uint);
+            Add(Format.R32Sint, MTLPixelFormat.R32Sint);
+            Add(Format.R8G8Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.RG8Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R8G8Snorm, MTLPixelFormat.RG8Snorm);
+            Add(Format.R8G8Uint, MTLPixelFormat.RG8Uint);
+            Add(Format.R8G8Sint, MTLPixelFormat.RG8Sint);
+            Add(Format.R16G16Float, MTLPixelFormat.RG16Float);
+            Add(Format.R16G16Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.RG16Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R16G16Snorm, MTLPixelFormat.RG16Snorm);
+            Add(Format.R16G16Uint, MTLPixelFormat.RG16Uint);
+            Add(Format.R16G16Sint, MTLPixelFormat.RG16Sint);
+            Add(Format.R32G32Float, MTLPixelFormat.RG32Float);
+            Add(Format.R32G32Uint, MTLPixelFormat.RG32Uint);
+            Add(Format.R32G32Sint, MTLPixelFormat.RG32Sint);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8B8Unorm,         MTLPixelFormat.R8G8B8Unorm);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8B8Snorm,         MTLPixelFormat.R8G8B8Snorm);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8B8Uint,          MTLPixelFormat.R8G8B8Uint);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8B8Sint,          MTLPixelFormat.R8G8B8Sint);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16B16Float,      MTLPixelFormat.R16G16B16Float);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16B16Unorm,      MTLPixelFormat.R16G16B16Unorm);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16B16Snorm,      MTLPixelFormat.R16G16B16SNorm);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16B16Uint,       MTLPixelFormat.R16G16B16Uint);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16B16Sint,       MTLPixelFormat.R16G16B16Sint);
+            // Add(Format.R32G32B32Float,      MTLPixelFormat.R32G32B32Sfloat);
+            // Add(Format.R32G32B32Uint,       MTLPixelFormat.R32G32B32Uint);
+            // Add(Format.R32G32B32Sint,       MTLPixelFormat.R32G32B32Sint);
+            Add(Format.R8G8B8A8Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA8Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R8G8B8A8Snorm, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA8Snorm);
+            Add(Format.R8G8B8A8Uint, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA8Uint);
+            Add(Format.R8G8B8A8Sint, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA8Sint);
+            Add(Format.R16G16B16A16Float, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA16Float);
+            Add(Format.R16G16B16A16Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA16Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R16G16B16A16Snorm, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA16Snorm);
+            Add(Format.R16G16B16A16Uint, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA16Uint);
+            Add(Format.R16G16B16A16Sint, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA16Sint);
+            Add(Format.R32G32B32A32Float, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA32Float);
+            Add(Format.R32G32B32A32Uint, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA32Uint);
+            Add(Format.R32G32B32A32Sint, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA32Sint);
+            Add(Format.S8Uint, MTLPixelFormat.Stencil8);
+            Add(Format.D16Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.Depth16Unorm);
+            Add(Format.S8UintD24Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.Depth24UnormStencil8);
+            Add(Format.X8UintD24Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.Depth24UnormStencil8);
+            Add(Format.D32Float, MTLPixelFormat.Depth32Float);
+            Add(Format.D24UnormS8Uint, MTLPixelFormat.Depth24UnormStencil8);
+            Add(Format.D32FloatS8Uint, MTLPixelFormat.Depth32FloatStencil8);
+            Add(Format.R8G8B8A8Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA8UnormsRGB);
+            // Add(Format.R4G4Unorm,           MTLPixelFormat.R4G4Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R4G4B4A4Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.RGBA8Unorm);
+            // Add(Format.R5G5B5X1Unorm,       MTLPixelFormat.R5G5B5X1Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R5G5B5A1Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.BGR5A1Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R5G6B5Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.B5G6R5Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R10G10B10A2Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.RGB10A2Unorm);
+            Add(Format.R10G10B10A2Uint, MTLPixelFormat.RGB10A2Uint);
+            Add(Format.R11G11B10Float, MTLPixelFormat.RG11B10Float);
+            Add(Format.R9G9B9E5Float, MTLPixelFormat.RGB9E5Float);
+            Add(Format.Bc1RgbaUnorm, MTLPixelFormat.BC1RGBA);
+            Add(Format.Bc2Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.BC2RGBA);
+            Add(Format.Bc3Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.BC3RGBA);
+            Add(Format.Bc1RgbaSrgb, MTLPixelFormat.BC1RGBAsRGB);
+            Add(Format.Bc2Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.BC2RGBAsRGB);
+            Add(Format.Bc3Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.BC3RGBAsRGB);
+            Add(Format.Bc4Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.BC4RUnorm);
+            Add(Format.Bc4Snorm, MTLPixelFormat.BC4RSnorm);
+            Add(Format.Bc5Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.BC5RGUnorm);
+            Add(Format.Bc5Snorm, MTLPixelFormat.BC5RGSnorm);
+            Add(Format.Bc7Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.BC7RGBAUnorm);
+            Add(Format.Bc7Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.BC7RGBAUnormsRGB);
+            Add(Format.Bc6HSfloat, MTLPixelFormat.BC6HRGBFloat);
+            Add(Format.Bc6HUfloat, MTLPixelFormat.BC6HRGBUfloat);
+            Add(Format.Etc2RgbUnorm, MTLPixelFormat.ETC2RGB8);
+            // Add(Format.Etc2RgbaUnorm, MTLPixelFormat.ETC2RGBA8);
+            Add(Format.Etc2RgbPtaUnorm, MTLPixelFormat.ETC2RGB8A1);
+            Add(Format.Etc2RgbSrgb, MTLPixelFormat.ETC2RGB8sRGB);
+            // Add(Format.Etc2RgbaSrgb, MTLPixelFormat.ETC2RGBA8sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Etc2RgbPtaSrgb, MTLPixelFormat.ETC2RGB8A1sRGB);
+            // Add(Format.R8Uscaled,           MTLPixelFormat.R8Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R8Sscaled,           MTLPixelFormat.R8Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R16Uscaled,          MTLPixelFormat.R16Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R16Sscaled,          MTLPixelFormat.R16Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R32Uscaled,          MTLPixelFormat.R32Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R32Sscaled,          MTLPixelFormat.R32Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8Uscaled,         MTLPixelFormat.R8G8Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8Sscaled,         MTLPixelFormat.R8G8Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16Uscaled,       MTLPixelFormat.R16G16Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16Sscaled,       MTLPixelFormat.R16G16Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R32G32Uscaled,       MTLPixelFormat.R32G32Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R32G32Sscaled,       MTLPixelFormat.R32G32Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8B8Uscaled,       MTLPixelFormat.R8G8B8Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8B8Sscaled,       MTLPixelFormat.R8G8B8Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16B16Uscaled,    MTLPixelFormat.R16G16B16Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16B16Sscaled,    MTLPixelFormat.R16G16B16Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R32G32B32Uscaled,    MTLPixelFormat.R32G32B32Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R32G32B32Sscaled,    MTLPixelFormat.R32G32B32Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8B8A8Uscaled,     MTLPixelFormat.R8G8B8A8Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R8G8B8A8Sscaled,     MTLPixelFormat.R8G8B8A8Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16B16A16Uscaled, MTLPixelFormat.R16G16B16A16Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R16G16B16A16Sscaled, MTLPixelFormat.R16G16B16A16Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R32G32B32A32Uscaled, MTLPixelFormat.R32G32B32A32Uscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R32G32B32A32Sscaled, MTLPixelFormat.R32G32B32A32Sscaled);
+            // Add(Format.R10G10B10A2Snorm,    MTLPixelFormat.A2B10G10R10SNormPack32);
+            // Add(Format.R10G10B10A2Sint,     MTLPixelFormat.A2B10G10R10SintPack32);
+            // Add(Format.R10G10B10A2Uscaled,  MTLPixelFormat.A2B10G10R10UscaledPack32);
+            // Add(Format.R10G10B10A2Sscaled,  MTLPixelFormat.A2B10G10R10SscaledPack32);
+            Add(Format.Astc4x4Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC4x4LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc5x4Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC5x4LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc5x5Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC5x5LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc6x5Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC6x5LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc6x6Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC6x6LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc8x5Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC8x5LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc8x6Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC8x6LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc8x8Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC8x8LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc10x5Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC10x5LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc10x6Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC10x6LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc10x8Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC10x8LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc10x10Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC10x10LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc12x10Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC12x10LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc12x12Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC12x12LDR);
+            Add(Format.Astc4x4Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC4x4sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc5x4Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC5x4sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc5x5Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC5x5sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc6x5Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC6x5sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc6x6Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC6x6sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc8x5Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC8x5sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc8x6Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC8x6sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc8x8Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC8x8sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc10x5Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC10x5sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc10x6Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC10x6sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc10x8Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC10x8sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc10x10Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC10x10sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc12x10Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC12x10sRGB);
+            Add(Format.Astc12x12Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.ASTC12x12sRGB);
+            Add(Format.B5G6R5Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.B5G6R5Unorm);
+            Add(Format.B5G5R5A1Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.BGR5A1Unorm);
+            Add(Format.A1B5G5R5Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.A1BGR5Unorm);
+            Add(Format.B8G8R8A8Unorm, MTLPixelFormat.BGRA8Unorm);
+            Add(Format.B8G8R8A8Srgb, MTLPixelFormat.BGRA8UnormsRGB);
+        }
+
+        private static void Add(Format format, MTLPixelFormat mtlFormat)
+        {
+            _table[(int)format] = mtlFormat;
+        }
+
+        public static MTLPixelFormat GetFormat(Format format)
+        {
+            var mtlFormat = _table[(int)format];
+
+            if (IsD24S8(format))
+            {
+                if (!MTLDevice.CreateSystemDefaultDevice().Depth24Stencil8PixelFormatSupported)
+                {
+                    mtlFormat = MTLPixelFormat.Depth32FloatStencil8;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (mtlFormat == MTLPixelFormat.Invalid)
+            {
+                Logger.Error?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Gpu, $"Format {format} is not supported by the host.");
+            }
+
+            return mtlFormat;
+        }
+
+        public static bool IsD24S8(Format format)
+        {
+            return format == Format.D24UnormS8Uint || format == Format.S8UintD24Unorm || format == Format.X8UintD24Unorm;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/HardwareInfo.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    static partial class HardwareInfoTools
+    {
+
+        private readonly static IntPtr _kCFAllocatorDefault = IntPtr.Zero;
+        private readonly static UInt32 _kCFStringEncodingASCII = 0x0600;
+        private const string IOKit = "/System/Library/Frameworks/IOKit.framework/IOKit";
+        private const string CoreFoundation = "/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation";
+
+        [LibraryImport(IOKit, StringMarshalling = StringMarshalling.Utf8)]
+        private static partial IntPtr IOServiceMatching(string name);
+
+        [LibraryImport(IOKit)]
+        private static partial IntPtr IOServiceGetMatchingService(IntPtr mainPort, IntPtr matching);
+
+        [LibraryImport(IOKit)]
+        private static partial IntPtr IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(IntPtr entry, IntPtr key, IntPtr allocator, UInt32 options);
+
+        [LibraryImport(CoreFoundation, StringMarshalling = StringMarshalling.Utf8)]
+        private static partial IntPtr CFStringCreateWithCString(IntPtr allocator, string cString, UInt32 encoding);
+
+        [LibraryImport(CoreFoundation)]
+        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U1)]
+        public static partial bool CFStringGetCString(IntPtr theString, IntPtr buffer, long bufferSizes, UInt32 encoding);
+
+        [LibraryImport(CoreFoundation)]
+        public static partial IntPtr CFDataGetBytePtr(IntPtr theData);
+
+        static string GetNameFromId(uint id)
+        {
+            return id switch
+            {
+                0x1002 => "AMD",
+                0x106B => "Apple",
+                0x10DE => "NVIDIA",
+                0x13B5 => "ARM",
+                0x8086 => "Intel",
+                _ => $"0x{id:X}"
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static string GetVendor()
+        {
+            var serviceDict = IOServiceMatching("IOGPU");
+            var service = IOServiceGetMatchingService(IntPtr.Zero, serviceDict);
+            var cfString = CFStringCreateWithCString(_kCFAllocatorDefault, "vendor-id", _kCFStringEncodingASCII);
+            var cfProperty = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(service, cfString, _kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
+
+            byte[] buffer = new byte[4];
+            var bufferPtr = CFDataGetBytePtr(cfProperty);
+            Marshal.Copy(bufferPtr, buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
+
+            var vendorId = BitConverter.ToUInt32(buffer);
+
+            return GetNameFromId(vendorId);
+        }
+
+        public static string GetModel()
+        {
+            var serviceDict = IOServiceMatching("IOGPU");
+            var service = IOServiceGetMatchingService(IntPtr.Zero, serviceDict);
+            var cfString = CFStringCreateWithCString(_kCFAllocatorDefault, "model", _kCFStringEncodingASCII);
+            var cfProperty = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(service, cfString, _kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
+
+            char[] buffer = new char[64];
+            IntPtr bufferPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(buffer.Length);
+
+            if (CFStringGetCString(cfProperty, bufferPtr, buffer.Length, _kCFStringEncodingASCII))
+            {
+                var model = Marshal.PtrToStringUTF8(bufferPtr);
+                Marshal.FreeHGlobal(bufferPtr);
+                return model;
+            }
+
+            return "";
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/HashTableSlim.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    interface IRefEquatable<T>
+    {
+        bool Equals(ref T other);
+    }
+
+    class HashTableSlim<TKey, TValue> where TKey : IRefEquatable<TKey>
+    {
+        private const int TotalBuckets = 16; // Must be power of 2
+        private const int TotalBucketsMask = TotalBuckets - 1;
+
+        private struct Entry
+        {
+            public int Hash;
+            public TKey Key;
+            public TValue Value;
+        }
+
+        private struct Bucket
+        {
+            public int Length;
+            public Entry[] Entries;
+
+            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+            public readonly Span<Entry> AsSpan()
+            {
+                return Entries == null ? Span<Entry>.Empty : Entries.AsSpan(0, Length);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private readonly Bucket[] _hashTable = new Bucket[TotalBuckets];
+
+        public IEnumerable<TKey> Keys
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                foreach (Bucket bucket in _hashTable)
+                {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < bucket.Length; i++)
+                    {
+                        yield return bucket.Entries[i].Key;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public IEnumerable<TValue> Values
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                foreach (Bucket bucket in _hashTable)
+                {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < bucket.Length; i++)
+                    {
+                        yield return bucket.Entries[i].Value;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Add(ref TKey key, TValue value)
+        {
+            var entry = new Entry
+            {
+                Hash = key.GetHashCode(),
+                Key = key,
+                Value = value,
+            };
+
+            int hashCode = key.GetHashCode();
+            int bucketIndex = hashCode & TotalBucketsMask;
+
+            ref var bucket = ref _hashTable[bucketIndex];
+            if (bucket.Entries != null)
+            {
+                int index = bucket.Length;
+
+                if (index >= bucket.Entries.Length)
+                {
+                    Array.Resize(ref bucket.Entries, index + 1);
+                }
+
+                bucket.Entries[index] = entry;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                bucket.Entries = new[]
+                {
+                    entry,
+                };
+            }
+
+            bucket.Length++;
+        }
+
+        public bool Remove(ref TKey key)
+        {
+            int hashCode = key.GetHashCode();
+
+            ref var bucket = ref _hashTable[hashCode & TotalBucketsMask];
+            var entries = bucket.AsSpan();
+            for (int i = 0; i < entries.Length; i++)
+            {
+                ref var entry = ref entries[i];
+
+                if (entry.Hash == hashCode && entry.Key.Equals(ref key))
+                {
+                    entries[(i + 1)..].CopyTo(entries[i..]);
+                    bucket.Length--;
+
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public bool TryGetValue(ref TKey key, out TValue value)
+        {
+            int hashCode = key.GetHashCode();
+
+            var entries = _hashTable[hashCode & TotalBucketsMask].AsSpan();
+            for (int i = 0; i < entries.Length; i++)
+            {
+                ref var entry = ref entries[i];
+
+                if (entry.Hash == hashCode && entry.Key.Equals(ref key))
+                {
+                    value = entry.Value;
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            value = default;
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/HelperShader.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,868 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class HelperShader : IDisposable
+    {
+        private const int ConvertElementsPerWorkgroup = 32 * 100; // Work group size of 32 times 100 elements.
+        private const string ShadersSourcePath = "/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Shaders";
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+        private readonly Pipeline _pipeline;
+        private MTLDevice _device;
+
+        private readonly ISampler _samplerLinear;
+        private readonly ISampler _samplerNearest;
+        private readonly IProgram _programColorBlitF;
+        private readonly IProgram _programColorBlitI;
+        private readonly IProgram _programColorBlitU;
+        private readonly IProgram _programColorBlitMsF;
+        private readonly IProgram _programColorBlitMsI;
+        private readonly IProgram _programColorBlitMsU;
+        private readonly List<IProgram> _programsColorClearF = new();
+        private readonly List<IProgram> _programsColorClearI = new();
+        private readonly List<IProgram> _programsColorClearU = new();
+        private readonly IProgram _programDepthStencilClear;
+        private readonly IProgram _programStrideChange;
+        private readonly IProgram _programConvertD32S8ToD24S8;
+        private readonly IProgram _programConvertIndexBuffer;
+        private readonly IProgram _programDepthBlit;
+        private readonly IProgram _programDepthBlitMs;
+        private readonly IProgram _programStencilBlit;
+        private readonly IProgram _programStencilBlitMs;
+
+        private readonly EncoderState _helperShaderState = new();
+
+        public HelperShader(MTLDevice device, MetalRenderer renderer, Pipeline pipeline)
+        {
+            _device = device;
+            _renderer = renderer;
+            _pipeline = pipeline;
+
+            _samplerNearest = new SamplerHolder(renderer, _device, SamplerCreateInfo.Create(MinFilter.Nearest, MagFilter.Nearest));
+            _samplerLinear = new SamplerHolder(renderer, _device, SamplerCreateInfo.Create(MinFilter.Linear, MagFilter.Linear));
+
+            var blitResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Vertex, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Fragment, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 0).Build();
+
+            var blitSource = ReadMsl("Blit.metal");
+
+            var blitSourceF = blitSource.Replace("FORMAT", "float", StringComparison.Ordinal);
+            _programColorBlitF = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceF, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceF, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+
+            var blitSourceI = blitSource.Replace("FORMAT", "int");
+            _programColorBlitI = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceI, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceI, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+
+            var blitSourceU = blitSource.Replace("FORMAT", "uint");
+            _programColorBlitU = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceU, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceU, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+
+            var blitMsSource = ReadMsl("BlitMs.metal");
+
+            var blitMsSourceF = blitMsSource.Replace("FORMAT", "float");
+            _programColorBlitMsF = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(blitMsSourceF, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitMsSourceF, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+
+            var blitMsSourceI = blitMsSource.Replace("FORMAT", "int");
+            _programColorBlitMsI = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(blitMsSourceI, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitMsSourceI, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+
+            var blitMsSourceU = blitMsSource.Replace("FORMAT", "uint");
+            _programColorBlitMsU = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(blitMsSourceU, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitMsSourceU, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+
+            var colorClearResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Fragment, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0).Build();
+
+            var colorClearSource = ReadMsl("ColorClear.metal");
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < Constants.MaxColorAttachments; i++)
+            {
+                var crntSource = colorClearSource.Replace("COLOR_ATTACHMENT_INDEX", i.ToString()).Replace("FORMAT", "float");
+                _programsColorClearF.Add(new Program(renderer, device, [
+                    new ShaderSource(crntSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                    new ShaderSource(crntSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+                ], colorClearResourceLayout));
+            }
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < Constants.MaxColorAttachments; i++)
+            {
+                var crntSource = colorClearSource.Replace("COLOR_ATTACHMENT_INDEX", i.ToString()).Replace("FORMAT", "int");
+                _programsColorClearI.Add(new Program(renderer, device, [
+                    new ShaderSource(crntSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                    new ShaderSource(crntSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+                ], colorClearResourceLayout));
+            }
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < Constants.MaxColorAttachments; i++)
+            {
+                var crntSource = colorClearSource.Replace("COLOR_ATTACHMENT_INDEX", i.ToString()).Replace("FORMAT", "uint");
+                _programsColorClearU.Add(new Program(renderer, device, [
+                    new ShaderSource(crntSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                    new ShaderSource(crntSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+                ], colorClearResourceLayout));
+            }
+
+            var depthStencilClearSource = ReadMsl("DepthStencilClear.metal");
+            _programDepthStencilClear = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(depthStencilClearSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(depthStencilClearSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], colorClearResourceLayout);
+
+            var strideChangeResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 2, true).Build();
+
+            var strideChangeSource = ReadMsl("ChangeBufferStride.metal");
+            _programStrideChange = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(strideChangeSource, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], strideChangeResourceLayout, new ComputeSize(64, 1, 1));
+
+            var convertD32S8ToD24S8ResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 2, true).Build();
+
+            var convertD32S8ToD24S8Source = ReadMsl("ConvertD32S8ToD24S8.metal");
+            _programConvertD32S8ToD24S8 = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(convertD32S8ToD24S8Source, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], convertD32S8ToD24S8ResourceLayout, new ComputeSize(64, 1, 1));
+
+            var convertIndexBufferLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 2, true)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 3).Build();
+
+            var convertIndexBufferSource = ReadMsl("ConvertIndexBuffer.metal");
+            _programConvertIndexBuffer = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(convertIndexBufferSource, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], convertIndexBufferLayout, new ComputeSize(16, 1, 1));
+
+            var depthBlitSource = ReadMsl("DepthBlit.metal");
+            _programDepthBlit = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(depthBlitSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceF, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+
+            var depthBlitMsSource = ReadMsl("DepthBlitMs.metal");
+            _programDepthBlitMs = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(depthBlitMsSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceF, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+
+            var stencilBlitSource = ReadMsl("StencilBlit.metal");
+            _programStencilBlit = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(stencilBlitSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceF, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+
+            var stencilBlitMsSource = ReadMsl("StencilBlitMs.metal");
+            _programStencilBlitMs = new Program(renderer, device, [
+                new ShaderSource(stencilBlitMsSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Msl),
+                new ShaderSource(blitSourceF, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Msl)
+            ], blitResourceLayout);
+        }
+
+        private static string ReadMsl(string fileName)
+        {
+            var msl = EmbeddedResources.ReadAllText(string.Join('/', ShadersSourcePath, fileName));
+
+#pragma warning disable IDE0055 // Disable formatting
+            msl = msl.Replace("CONSTANT_BUFFERS_INDEX", $"{Constants.ConstantBuffersIndex}")
+                     .Replace("STORAGE_BUFFERS_INDEX", $"{Constants.StorageBuffersIndex}")
+                     .Replace("TEXTURES_INDEX", $"{Constants.TexturesIndex}")
+                     .Replace("IMAGES_INDEX", $"{Constants.ImagesIndex}");
+#pragma warning restore IDE0055
+
+            return msl;
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void BlitColor(
+            CommandBufferScoped cbs,
+            Texture src,
+            Texture dst,
+            Extents2D srcRegion,
+            Extents2D dstRegion,
+            bool linearFilter,
+            bool clear = false)
+        {
+            _pipeline.SwapState(_helperShaderState);
+
+            const int RegionBufferSize = 16;
+
+            var sampler = linearFilter ? _samplerLinear : _samplerNearest;
+
+            _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Fragment, 0, src, sampler);
+
+            Span<float> region = stackalloc float[RegionBufferSize / sizeof(float)];
+
+            region[0] = srcRegion.X1 / (float)src.Width;
+            region[1] = srcRegion.X2 / (float)src.Width;
+            region[2] = srcRegion.Y1 / (float)src.Height;
+            region[3] = srcRegion.Y2 / (float)src.Height;
+
+            if (dstRegion.X1 > dstRegion.X2)
+            {
+                (region[0], region[1]) = (region[1], region[0]);
+            }
+
+            if (dstRegion.Y1 > dstRegion.Y2)
+            {
+                (region[2], region[3]) = (region[3], region[2]);
+            }
+
+            using var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(cbs, RegionBufferSize);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<float>(buffer.Offset, region);
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers([new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range)]);
+
+            var rect = new Rectangle<float>(
+                MathF.Min(dstRegion.X1, dstRegion.X2),
+                MathF.Min(dstRegion.Y1, dstRegion.Y2),
+                MathF.Abs(dstRegion.X2 - dstRegion.X1),
+                MathF.Abs(dstRegion.Y2 - dstRegion.Y1));
+
+            Span<Viewport> viewports = stackalloc Viewport[16];
+
+            viewports[0] = new Viewport(
+                rect,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveX,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveY,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveZ,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveW,
+                0f,
+                1f);
+
+            bool dstIsDepthOrStencil = dst.Info.Format.IsDepthOrStencil();
+
+            if (dstIsDepthOrStencil)
+            {
+                // TODO: Depth & stencil blit!
+                Logger.Warning?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Gpu, "Requested a depth or stencil blit!");
+                _pipeline.SwapState(null);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            var debugGroupName = "Blit Color ";
+
+            if (src.Info.Target.IsMultisample())
+            {
+                if (dst.Info.Format.IsSint())
+                {
+                    debugGroupName += "MS Int";
+                    _pipeline.SetProgram(_programColorBlitMsI);
+                }
+                else if (dst.Info.Format.IsUint())
+                {
+                    debugGroupName += "MS UInt";
+                    _pipeline.SetProgram(_programColorBlitMsU);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    debugGroupName += "MS Float";
+                    _pipeline.SetProgram(_programColorBlitMsF);
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (dst.Info.Format.IsSint())
+                {
+                    debugGroupName += "Int";
+                    _pipeline.SetProgram(_programColorBlitI);
+                }
+                else if (dst.Info.Format.IsUint())
+                {
+                    debugGroupName += "UInt";
+                    _pipeline.SetProgram(_programColorBlitU);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    debugGroupName += "Float";
+                    _pipeline.SetProgram(_programColorBlitF);
+                }
+            }
+
+            int dstWidth = dst.Width;
+            int dstHeight = dst.Height;
+
+            Span<Rectangle<int>> scissors = stackalloc Rectangle<int>[16];
+
+            scissors[0] = new Rectangle<int>(0, 0, dstWidth, dstHeight);
+
+            _pipeline.SetRenderTargets([dst], null);
+            _pipeline.SetScissors(scissors);
+
+            _pipeline.SetClearLoadAction(clear);
+
+            _pipeline.SetViewports(viewports);
+            _pipeline.SetPrimitiveTopology(PrimitiveTopology.TriangleStrip);
+            _pipeline.Draw(4, 1, 0, 0, debugGroupName);
+
+            // Cleanup
+            if (clear)
+            {
+                _pipeline.SetClearLoadAction(false);
+            }
+
+            // Restore previous state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(null);
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void BlitDepthStencil(
+            CommandBufferScoped cbs,
+            Texture src,
+            Texture dst,
+            Extents2D srcRegion,
+            Extents2D dstRegion)
+        {
+            _pipeline.SwapState(_helperShaderState);
+
+            const int RegionBufferSize = 16;
+
+            Span<float> region = stackalloc float[RegionBufferSize / sizeof(float)];
+
+            region[0] = srcRegion.X1 / (float)src.Width;
+            region[1] = srcRegion.X2 / (float)src.Width;
+            region[2] = srcRegion.Y1 / (float)src.Height;
+            region[3] = srcRegion.Y2 / (float)src.Height;
+
+            if (dstRegion.X1 > dstRegion.X2)
+            {
+                (region[0], region[1]) = (region[1], region[0]);
+            }
+
+            if (dstRegion.Y1 > dstRegion.Y2)
+            {
+                (region[2], region[3]) = (region[3], region[2]);
+            }
+
+            using var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(cbs, RegionBufferSize);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<float>(buffer.Offset, region);
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers([new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range)]);
+
+            Span<Viewport> viewports = stackalloc Viewport[16];
+
+            var rect = new Rectangle<float>(
+                MathF.Min(dstRegion.X1, dstRegion.X2),
+                MathF.Min(dstRegion.Y1, dstRegion.Y2),
+                MathF.Abs(dstRegion.X2 - dstRegion.X1),
+                MathF.Abs(dstRegion.Y2 - dstRegion.Y1));
+
+            viewports[0] = new Viewport(
+                rect,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveX,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveY,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveZ,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveW,
+                0f,
+                1f);
+
+            int dstWidth = dst.Width;
+            int dstHeight = dst.Height;
+
+            Span<Rectangle<int>> scissors = stackalloc Rectangle<int>[16];
+
+            scissors[0] = new Rectangle<int>(0, 0, dstWidth, dstHeight);
+
+            _pipeline.SetRenderTargets([], dst);
+            _pipeline.SetScissors(scissors);
+            _pipeline.SetViewports(viewports);
+            _pipeline.SetPrimitiveTopology(PrimitiveTopology.TriangleStrip);
+
+            if (src.Info.Format is
+                Format.D16Unorm or
+                Format.D32Float or
+                Format.X8UintD24Unorm or
+                Format.D24UnormS8Uint or
+                Format.D32FloatS8Uint or
+                Format.S8UintD24Unorm)
+            {
+                var depthTexture = CreateDepthOrStencilView(src, DepthStencilMode.Depth);
+
+                BlitDepthStencilDraw(depthTexture, isDepth: true);
+
+                if (depthTexture != src)
+                {
+                    depthTexture.Release();
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (src.Info.Format is
+                Format.S8Uint or
+                Format.D24UnormS8Uint or
+                Format.D32FloatS8Uint or
+                Format.S8UintD24Unorm)
+            {
+                var stencilTexture = CreateDepthOrStencilView(src, DepthStencilMode.Stencil);
+
+                BlitDepthStencilDraw(stencilTexture, isDepth: false);
+
+                if (stencilTexture != src)
+                {
+                    stencilTexture.Release();
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Restore previous state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(null);
+        }
+
+        private static Texture CreateDepthOrStencilView(Texture depthStencilTexture, DepthStencilMode depthStencilMode)
+        {
+            if (depthStencilTexture.Info.DepthStencilMode == depthStencilMode)
+            {
+                return depthStencilTexture;
+            }
+
+            return (Texture)depthStencilTexture.CreateView(new TextureCreateInfo(
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.Width,
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.Height,
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.Depth,
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.Levels,
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.Samples,
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.BlockWidth,
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.BlockHeight,
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.BytesPerPixel,
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.Format,
+                depthStencilMode,
+                depthStencilTexture.Info.Target,
+                SwizzleComponent.Red,
+                SwizzleComponent.Green,
+                SwizzleComponent.Blue,
+                SwizzleComponent.Alpha), 0, 0);
+        }
+
+        private void BlitDepthStencilDraw(Texture src, bool isDepth)
+        {
+            // TODO: Check this https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx/pull/5003/
+            _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Fragment, 0, src, _samplerNearest);
+
+            string debugGroupName;
+
+            if (isDepth)
+            {
+                debugGroupName = "Depth Blit";
+                _pipeline.SetProgram(src.Info.Target.IsMultisample() ? _programDepthBlitMs : _programDepthBlit);
+                _pipeline.SetDepthTest(new DepthTestDescriptor(true, true, CompareOp.Always));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                debugGroupName = "Stencil Blit";
+                _pipeline.SetProgram(src.Info.Target.IsMultisample() ? _programStencilBlitMs : _programStencilBlit);
+                _pipeline.SetStencilTest(CreateStencilTestDescriptor(true));
+            }
+
+            _pipeline.Draw(4, 1, 0, 0, debugGroupName);
+
+            if (isDepth)
+            {
+                _pipeline.SetDepthTest(new DepthTestDescriptor(false, false, CompareOp.Always));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _pipeline.SetStencilTest(CreateStencilTestDescriptor(false));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void DrawTexture(
+            ITexture src,
+            ISampler srcSampler,
+            Extents2DF srcRegion,
+            Extents2DF dstRegion)
+        {
+            // Save current state
+            var state = _pipeline.SavePredrawState();
+
+            _pipeline.SetFaceCulling(false, Face.Front);
+            _pipeline.SetStencilTest(new StencilTestDescriptor());
+            _pipeline.SetDepthTest(new DepthTestDescriptor());
+
+            const int RegionBufferSize = 16;
+
+            _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Fragment, 0, src, srcSampler);
+
+            Span<float> region = stackalloc float[RegionBufferSize / sizeof(float)];
+
+            region[0] = srcRegion.X1 / src.Width;
+            region[1] = srcRegion.X2 / src.Width;
+            region[2] = srcRegion.Y1 / src.Height;
+            region[3] = srcRegion.Y2 / src.Height;
+
+            if (dstRegion.X1 > dstRegion.X2)
+            {
+                (region[0], region[1]) = (region[1], region[0]);
+            }
+
+            if (dstRegion.Y1 > dstRegion.Y2)
+            {
+                (region[2], region[3]) = (region[3], region[2]);
+            }
+
+            var bufferHandle = _renderer.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(RegionBufferSize);
+            _renderer.BufferManager.SetData<float>(bufferHandle, 0, region);
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers([new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, RegionBufferSize))]);
+
+            Span<Viewport> viewports = stackalloc Viewport[16];
+
+            var rect = new Rectangle<float>(
+                MathF.Min(dstRegion.X1, dstRegion.X2),
+                MathF.Min(dstRegion.Y1, dstRegion.Y2),
+                MathF.Abs(dstRegion.X2 - dstRegion.X1),
+                MathF.Abs(dstRegion.Y2 - dstRegion.Y1));
+
+            viewports[0] = new Viewport(
+                rect,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveX,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveY,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveZ,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveW,
+                0f,
+                1f);
+
+            _pipeline.SetProgram(_programColorBlitF);
+            _pipeline.SetViewports(viewports);
+            _pipeline.SetPrimitiveTopology(PrimitiveTopology.TriangleStrip);
+            _pipeline.Draw(4, 1, 0, 0, "Draw Texture");
+
+            _renderer.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
+
+            // Restore previous state
+            _pipeline.RestorePredrawState(state);
+        }
+
+        public void ConvertI8ToI16(CommandBufferScoped cbs, BufferHolder src, BufferHolder dst, int srcOffset, int size)
+        {
+            ChangeStride(cbs, src, dst, srcOffset, size, 1, 2);
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void ChangeStride(
+            CommandBufferScoped cbs,
+            BufferHolder src,
+            BufferHolder dst,
+            int srcOffset,
+            int size,
+            int stride,
+            int newStride)
+        {
+            int elems = size / stride;
+
+            var srcBuffer = src.GetBuffer();
+            var dstBuffer = dst.GetBuffer();
+
+            const int ParamsBufferSize = 4 * sizeof(int);
+
+            // Save current state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(_helperShaderState);
+
+            Span<int> shaderParams = stackalloc int[ParamsBufferSize / sizeof(int)];
+
+            shaderParams[0] = stride;
+            shaderParams[1] = newStride;
+            shaderParams[2] = size;
+            shaderParams[3] = srcOffset;
+
+            using var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(cbs, ParamsBufferSize);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<int>(buffer.Offset, shaderParams);
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers([new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range)]);
+
+            Span<Auto<DisposableBuffer>> sbRanges = new Auto<DisposableBuffer>[2];
+
+            sbRanges[0] = srcBuffer;
+            sbRanges[1] = dstBuffer;
+            _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(1, sbRanges);
+
+            _pipeline.SetProgram(_programStrideChange);
+            _pipeline.DispatchCompute(1 + elems / ConvertElementsPerWorkgroup, 1, 1, "Change Stride");
+
+            // Restore previous state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(null);
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void ConvertD32S8ToD24S8(CommandBufferScoped cbs, BufferHolder src, Auto<DisposableBuffer> dstBuffer, int pixelCount, int dstOffset)
+        {
+            int inSize = pixelCount * 2 * sizeof(int);
+
+            var srcBuffer = src.GetBuffer();
+
+            const int ParamsBufferSize = sizeof(int) * 2;
+
+            // Save current state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(_helperShaderState);
+
+            Span<int> shaderParams = stackalloc int[2];
+
+            shaderParams[0] = pixelCount;
+            shaderParams[1] = dstOffset;
+
+            using var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(cbs, ParamsBufferSize);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<int>(buffer.Offset, shaderParams);
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers([new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range)]);
+
+            Span<Auto<DisposableBuffer>> sbRanges = new Auto<DisposableBuffer>[2];
+
+            sbRanges[0] = srcBuffer;
+            sbRanges[1] = dstBuffer;
+            _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(1, sbRanges);
+
+            _pipeline.SetProgram(_programConvertD32S8ToD24S8);
+            _pipeline.DispatchCompute(1 + inSize / ConvertElementsPerWorkgroup, 1, 1, "D32S8 to D24S8 Conversion");
+
+            // Restore previous state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(null);
+        }
+
+        public void ConvertIndexBuffer(
+            CommandBufferScoped cbs,
+            BufferHolder src,
+            BufferHolder dst,
+            IndexBufferPattern pattern,
+            int indexSize,
+            int srcOffset,
+            int indexCount)
+        {
+            // TODO: Support conversion with primitive restart enabled.
+
+            int primitiveCount = pattern.GetPrimitiveCount(indexCount);
+            int outputIndexSize = 4;
+
+            var srcBuffer = src.GetBuffer();
+            var dstBuffer = dst.GetBuffer();
+
+            const int ParamsBufferSize = 16 * sizeof(int);
+
+            // Save current state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(_helperShaderState);
+
+            Span<int> shaderParams = stackalloc int[ParamsBufferSize / sizeof(int)];
+
+            shaderParams[8] = pattern.PrimitiveVertices;
+            shaderParams[9] = pattern.PrimitiveVerticesOut;
+            shaderParams[10] = indexSize;
+            shaderParams[11] = outputIndexSize;
+            shaderParams[12] = pattern.BaseIndex;
+            shaderParams[13] = pattern.IndexStride;
+            shaderParams[14] = srcOffset;
+            shaderParams[15] = primitiveCount;
+
+            pattern.OffsetIndex.CopyTo(shaderParams[..pattern.OffsetIndex.Length]);
+
+            using var patternScoped = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(cbs, ParamsBufferSize);
+            patternScoped.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<int>(patternScoped.Offset, shaderParams);
+
+            Span<Auto<DisposableBuffer>> sbRanges = new Auto<DisposableBuffer>[2];
+
+            sbRanges[0] = srcBuffer;
+            sbRanges[1] = dstBuffer;
+            _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(1, sbRanges);
+            _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers([new BufferAssignment(3, patternScoped.Range)]);
+
+            _pipeline.SetProgram(_programConvertIndexBuffer);
+            _pipeline.DispatchCompute(BitUtils.DivRoundUp(primitiveCount, 16), 1, 1, "Convert Index Buffer");
+
+            // Restore previous state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(null);
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void ClearColor(
+            int index,
+            ReadOnlySpan<float> clearColor,
+            uint componentMask,
+            int dstWidth,
+            int dstHeight,
+            Format format)
+        {
+            // Keep original scissor
+            DirtyFlags clearFlags = DirtyFlags.All & (~DirtyFlags.Scissors);
+
+            // Save current state
+            EncoderState originalState = _pipeline.SwapState(_helperShaderState, clearFlags, false);
+
+            // Inherit some state without fully recreating render pipeline.
+            RenderTargetCopy save = _helperShaderState.InheritForClear(originalState, false, index);
+
+            const int ClearColorBufferSize = 16;
+
+            // TODO: Flush
+
+            using var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(_pipeline.Cbs, ClearColorBufferSize);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked(buffer.Offset, clearColor);
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers([new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range)]);
+
+            Span<Viewport> viewports = stackalloc Viewport[16];
+
+            // TODO: Set exact viewport!
+            viewports[0] = new Viewport(
+                new Rectangle<float>(0, 0, dstWidth, dstHeight),
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveX,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveY,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveZ,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveW,
+                0f,
+                1f);
+
+            Span<uint> componentMasks = stackalloc uint[index + 1];
+            componentMasks[index] = componentMask;
+
+            var debugGroupName = "Clear Color ";
+
+            if (format.IsSint())
+            {
+                debugGroupName += "Int";
+                _pipeline.SetProgram(_programsColorClearI[index]);
+            }
+            else if (format.IsUint())
+            {
+                debugGroupName += "UInt";
+                _pipeline.SetProgram(_programsColorClearU[index]);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                debugGroupName += "Float";
+                _pipeline.SetProgram(_programsColorClearF[index]);
+            }
+
+            _pipeline.SetBlendState(index, new BlendDescriptor());
+            _pipeline.SetFaceCulling(false, Face.Front);
+            _pipeline.SetDepthTest(new DepthTestDescriptor(false, false, CompareOp.Always));
+            _pipeline.SetRenderTargetColorMasks(componentMasks);
+            _pipeline.SetViewports(viewports);
+            _pipeline.SetPrimitiveTopology(PrimitiveTopology.TriangleStrip);
+            _pipeline.Draw(4, 1, 0, 0, debugGroupName);
+
+            // Restore previous state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(null, clearFlags, false);
+
+            _helperShaderState.Restore(save);
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void ClearDepthStencil(
+            float depthValue,
+            bool depthMask,
+            int stencilValue,
+            int stencilMask,
+            int dstWidth,
+            int dstHeight)
+        {
+            // Keep original scissor
+            DirtyFlags clearFlags = DirtyFlags.All & (~DirtyFlags.Scissors);
+            var helperScissors = _helperShaderState.Scissors;
+
+            // Save current state
+            EncoderState originalState = _pipeline.SwapState(_helperShaderState, clearFlags, false);
+
+            // Inherit some state without fully recreating render pipeline.
+            RenderTargetCopy save = _helperShaderState.InheritForClear(originalState, true);
+
+            const int ClearDepthBufferSize = 16;
+
+            using var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(_pipeline.Cbs, ClearDepthBufferSize);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked(buffer.Offset, new ReadOnlySpan<float>(ref depthValue));
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers([new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range)]);
+
+            Span<Viewport> viewports = stackalloc Viewport[1];
+
+            viewports[0] = new Viewport(
+                new Rectangle<float>(0, 0, dstWidth, dstHeight),
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveX,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveY,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveZ,
+                ViewportSwizzle.PositiveW,
+                0f,
+                1f);
+
+            _pipeline.SetProgram(_programDepthStencilClear);
+            _pipeline.SetFaceCulling(false, Face.Front);
+            _pipeline.SetPrimitiveTopology(PrimitiveTopology.TriangleStrip);
+            _pipeline.SetViewports(viewports);
+            _pipeline.SetDepthTest(new DepthTestDescriptor(true, depthMask, CompareOp.Always));
+            _pipeline.SetStencilTest(CreateStencilTestDescriptor(stencilMask != 0, stencilValue, 0xFF, stencilMask));
+            _pipeline.Draw(4, 1, 0, 0, "Clear Depth Stencil");
+
+            // Cleanup
+            _pipeline.SetDepthTest(new DepthTestDescriptor(false, false, CompareOp.Always));
+            _pipeline.SetStencilTest(CreateStencilTestDescriptor(false));
+
+            // Restore previous state
+            _pipeline.SwapState(null, clearFlags, false);
+
+            _helperShaderState.Restore(save);
+        }
+
+        private static StencilTestDescriptor CreateStencilTestDescriptor(
+            bool enabled,
+            int refValue = 0,
+            int compareMask = 0xff,
+            int writeMask = 0xff)
+        {
+            return new StencilTestDescriptor(
+                enabled,
+                CompareOp.Always,
+                StencilOp.Replace,
+                StencilOp.Replace,
+                StencilOp.Replace,
+                refValue,
+                compareMask,
+                writeMask,
+                CompareOp.Always,
+                StencilOp.Replace,
+                StencilOp.Replace,
+                StencilOp.Replace,
+                refValue,
+                compareMask,
+                writeMask);
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _programColorBlitF.Dispose();
+            _programColorBlitI.Dispose();
+            _programColorBlitU.Dispose();
+            _programColorBlitMsF.Dispose();
+            _programColorBlitMsI.Dispose();
+            _programColorBlitMsU.Dispose();
+
+            foreach (var programColorClear in _programsColorClearF)
+            {
+                programColorClear.Dispose();
+            }
+
+            foreach (var programColorClear in _programsColorClearU)
+            {
+                programColorClear.Dispose();
+            }
+
+            foreach (var programColorClear in _programsColorClearI)
+            {
+                programColorClear.Dispose();
+            }
+
+            _programDepthStencilClear.Dispose();
+            _pipeline.Dispose();
+            _samplerLinear.Dispose();
+            _samplerNearest.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/IdList.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    class IdList<T> where T : class
+    {
+        private readonly List<T> _list;
+        private int _freeMin;
+
+        public IdList()
+        {
+            _list = new List<T>();
+            _freeMin = 0;
+        }
+
+        public int Add(T value)
+        {
+            int id;
+            int count = _list.Count;
+            id = _list.IndexOf(null, _freeMin);
+
+            if ((uint)id < (uint)count)
+            {
+                _list[id] = value;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                id = count;
+                _freeMin = id + 1;
+
+                _list.Add(value);
+            }
+
+            return id + 1;
+        }
+
+        public void Remove(int id)
+        {
+            id--;
+
+            int count = _list.Count;
+
+            if ((uint)id >= (uint)count)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (id + 1 == count)
+            {
+                // Trim unused items.
+                int removeIndex = id;
+
+                while (removeIndex > 0 && _list[removeIndex - 1] == null)
+                {
+                    removeIndex--;
+                }
+
+                _list.RemoveRange(removeIndex, count - removeIndex);
+
+                if (_freeMin > removeIndex)
+                {
+                    _freeMin = removeIndex;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _list[id] = null;
+
+                if (_freeMin > id)
+                {
+                    _freeMin = id;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public bool TryGetValue(int id, out T value)
+        {
+            id--;
+
+            try
+            {
+                if ((uint)id < (uint)_list.Count)
+                {
+                    value = _list[id];
+                    return value != null;
+                }
+
+                value = null;
+                return false;
+            }
+            catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException)
+            {
+                value = null;
+                return false;
+            }
+            catch (IndexOutOfRangeException)
+            {
+                value = null;
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Clear()
+        {
+            _list.Clear();
+            _freeMin = 0;
+        }
+
+        public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < _list.Count; i++)
+            {
+                if (_list[i] != null)
+                {
+                    yield return _list[i];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/ImageArray.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    internal class ImageArray : IImageArray
+    {
+        private readonly TextureRef[] _textureRefs;
+        private readonly TextureBuffer[] _bufferTextureRefs;
+
+        private readonly bool _isBuffer;
+        private readonly Pipeline _pipeline;
+
+        public ImageArray(int size, bool isBuffer, Pipeline pipeline)
+        {
+            if (isBuffer)
+            {
+                _bufferTextureRefs = new TextureBuffer[size];
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _textureRefs = new TextureRef[size];
+            }
+
+            _isBuffer = isBuffer;
+            _pipeline = pipeline;
+        }
+
+        public void SetImages(int index, ITexture[] images)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < images.Length; i++)
+            {
+                ITexture image = images[i];
+
+                if (image is TextureBuffer textureBuffer)
+                {
+                    _bufferTextureRefs[index + i] = textureBuffer;
+                }
+                else if (image is Texture texture)
+                {
+                    _textureRefs[index + i].Storage = texture;
+                }
+                else if (!_isBuffer)
+                {
+                    _textureRefs[index + i].Storage = null;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    _bufferTextureRefs[index + i] = null;
+                }
+            }
+
+            SetDirty();
+        }
+
+        public TextureRef[] GetTextureRefs()
+        {
+            return _textureRefs;
+        }
+
+        public TextureBuffer[] GetBufferTextureRefs()
+        {
+            return _bufferTextureRefs;
+        }
+
+        private void SetDirty()
+        {
+            _pipeline.DirtyImages();
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose() { }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/IndexBufferPattern.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    internal class IndexBufferPattern : IDisposable
+    {
+        public int PrimitiveVertices { get; }
+        public int PrimitiveVerticesOut { get; }
+        public int BaseIndex { get; }
+        public int[] OffsetIndex { get; }
+        public int IndexStride { get; }
+        public bool RepeatStart { get; }
+
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+        private int _currentSize;
+        private BufferHandle _repeatingBuffer;
+
+        public IndexBufferPattern(MetalRenderer renderer,
+            int primitiveVertices,
+            int primitiveVerticesOut,
+            int baseIndex,
+            int[] offsetIndex,
+            int indexStride,
+            bool repeatStart)
+        {
+            PrimitiveVertices = primitiveVertices;
+            PrimitiveVerticesOut = primitiveVerticesOut;
+            BaseIndex = baseIndex;
+            OffsetIndex = offsetIndex;
+            IndexStride = indexStride;
+            RepeatStart = repeatStart;
+
+            _renderer = renderer;
+        }
+
+        public int GetPrimitiveCount(int vertexCount)
+        {
+            return Math.Max(0, (vertexCount - BaseIndex) / IndexStride);
+        }
+
+        public int GetConvertedCount(int indexCount)
+        {
+            int primitiveCount = GetPrimitiveCount(indexCount);
+            return primitiveCount * OffsetIndex.Length;
+        }
+
+        public BufferHandle GetRepeatingBuffer(int vertexCount, out int indexCount)
+        {
+            int primitiveCount = GetPrimitiveCount(vertexCount);
+            indexCount = primitiveCount * PrimitiveVerticesOut;
+
+            int expectedSize = primitiveCount * OffsetIndex.Length;
+
+            if (expectedSize <= _currentSize && _repeatingBuffer != BufferHandle.Null)
+            {
+                return _repeatingBuffer;
+            }
+
+            // Expand the repeating pattern to the number of requested primitives.
+            BufferHandle newBuffer = _renderer.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(expectedSize * sizeof(int));
+
+            // Copy the old data to the new one.
+            if (_repeatingBuffer != BufferHandle.Null)
+            {
+                _renderer.Pipeline.CopyBuffer(_repeatingBuffer, newBuffer, 0, 0, _currentSize * sizeof(int));
+                _renderer.BufferManager.Delete(_repeatingBuffer);
+            }
+
+            _repeatingBuffer = newBuffer;
+
+            // Add the additional repeats on top.
+            int newPrimitives = primitiveCount;
+            int oldPrimitives = (_currentSize) / OffsetIndex.Length;
+
+            int[] newData;
+
+            newPrimitives -= oldPrimitives;
+            newData = new int[expectedSize - _currentSize];
+
+            int outOffset = 0;
+            int index = oldPrimitives * IndexStride + BaseIndex;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < newPrimitives; i++)
+            {
+                if (RepeatStart)
+                {
+                    // Used for triangle fan
+                    newData[outOffset++] = 0;
+                }
+
+                for (int j = RepeatStart ? 1 : 0; j < OffsetIndex.Length; j++)
+                {
+                    newData[outOffset++] = index + OffsetIndex[j];
+                }
+
+                index += IndexStride;
+            }
+
+            _renderer.SetBufferData(newBuffer, _currentSize * sizeof(int), MemoryMarshal.Cast<int, byte>(newData));
+            _currentSize = expectedSize;
+
+            return newBuffer;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (_repeatingBuffer != BufferHandle.Null)
+            {
+                _renderer.BufferManager.Delete(_repeatingBuffer);
+                _repeatingBuffer = BufferHandle.Null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/IndexBufferState.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    readonly internal struct IndexBufferState
+    {
+        public static IndexBufferState Null => new(BufferHandle.Null, 0, 0);
+
+        private readonly int _offset;
+        private readonly int _size;
+        private readonly IndexType _type;
+
+        private readonly BufferHandle _handle;
+
+        public IndexBufferState(BufferHandle handle, int offset, int size, IndexType type = IndexType.UInt)
+        {
+            _handle = handle;
+            _offset = offset;
+            _size = size;
+            _type = type;
+        }
+
+        public (MTLBuffer, int, MTLIndexType) GetIndexBuffer(MetalRenderer renderer, CommandBufferScoped cbs)
+        {
+            Auto<DisposableBuffer> autoBuffer;
+            int offset, size;
+            MTLIndexType type;
+
+            if (_type == IndexType.UByte)
+            {
+                // Index type is not supported. Convert to I16.
+                autoBuffer = renderer.BufferManager.GetBufferI8ToI16(cbs, _handle, _offset, _size);
+
+                type = MTLIndexType.UInt16;
+                offset = 0;
+                size = _size * 2;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                autoBuffer = renderer.BufferManager.GetBuffer(_handle, false, out int bufferSize);
+
+                if (_offset >= bufferSize)
+                {
+                    autoBuffer = null;
+                }
+
+                type = _type.Convert();
+                offset = _offset;
+                size = _size;
+            }
+
+            if (autoBuffer != null)
+            {
+                DisposableBuffer buffer = autoBuffer.Get(cbs, offset, size);
+
+                return (buffer.Value, offset, type);
+            }
+
+            return (new MTLBuffer(IntPtr.Zero), 0, MTLIndexType.UInt16);
+        }
+
+        public (MTLBuffer, int, MTLIndexType) GetConvertedIndexBuffer(
+            MetalRenderer renderer,
+            CommandBufferScoped cbs,
+            int firstIndex,
+            int indexCount,
+            int convertedCount,
+            IndexBufferPattern pattern)
+        {
+            // Convert the index buffer using the given pattern.
+            int indexSize = GetIndexSize();
+
+            int firstIndexOffset = firstIndex * indexSize;
+
+            var autoBuffer = renderer.BufferManager.GetBufferTopologyConversion(cbs, _handle, _offset + firstIndexOffset, indexCount * indexSize, pattern, indexSize);
+
+            int size = convertedCount * 4;
+
+            if (autoBuffer != null)
+            {
+                DisposableBuffer buffer = autoBuffer.Get(cbs, 0, size);
+
+                return (buffer.Value, 0, MTLIndexType.UInt32);
+            }
+
+            return (new MTLBuffer(IntPtr.Zero), 0, MTLIndexType.UInt32);
+        }
+
+        private int GetIndexSize()
+        {
+            return _type switch
+            {
+                IndexType.UInt => 4,
+                IndexType.UShort => 2,
+                _ => 1,
+            };
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/MetalRenderer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using SharpMetal.QuartzCore;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    public sealed class MetalRenderer : IRenderer
+    {
+        public const int TotalSets = 4;
+
+        private readonly MTLDevice _device;
+        private readonly MTLCommandQueue _queue;
+        private readonly Func<CAMetalLayer> _getMetalLayer;
+
+        private Pipeline _pipeline;
+        private Window _window;
+        
+        public uint ProgramCount { get; set; }
+
+#pragma warning disable CS0067 // The event is never used
+        public event EventHandler<ScreenCaptureImageInfo> ScreenCaptured;
+#pragma warning restore CS0067
+        
+        public bool PreferThreading => true;
+        public IPipeline Pipeline => _pipeline;
+        public IWindow Window => _window;
+
+        internal MTLCommandQueue BackgroundQueue { get; private set; }
+        internal HelperShader HelperShader { get; private set; }
+        internal BufferManager BufferManager { get; private set; }
+        internal CommandBufferPool CommandBufferPool { get; private set; }
+        internal BackgroundResources BackgroundResources { get; private set; }
+        internal Action<Action> InterruptAction { get; private set; }
+        internal SyncManager SyncManager { get; private set; }
+
+        internal HashSet<Program> Programs { get; }
+        internal HashSet<SamplerHolder> Samplers { get; }
+
+        public MetalRenderer(Func<CAMetalLayer> metalLayer)
+        {
+            _device = MTLDevice.CreateSystemDefaultDevice();
+            Programs = new HashSet<Program>();
+            Samplers = new HashSet<SamplerHolder>();
+
+            if (_device.ArgumentBuffersSupport != MTLArgumentBuffersTier.Tier2)
+            {
+                throw new NotSupportedException("Metal backend requires Tier 2 Argument Buffer support.");
+            }
+
+            _queue = _device.NewCommandQueue(CommandBufferPool.MaxCommandBuffers + 1);
+            BackgroundQueue = _device.NewCommandQueue(CommandBufferPool.MaxCommandBuffers);
+
+            _getMetalLayer = metalLayer;
+        }
+
+        public void Initialize(GraphicsDebugLevel logLevel)
+        {
+            var layer = _getMetalLayer();
+            layer.Device = _device;
+            layer.FramebufferOnly = false;
+
+            CommandBufferPool = new CommandBufferPool(_queue);
+            _window = new Window(this, layer);
+            _pipeline = new Pipeline(_device, this);
+            BufferManager = new BufferManager(_device, this, _pipeline);
+
+            _pipeline.InitEncoderStateManager(BufferManager);
+
+            BackgroundResources = new BackgroundResources(this);
+            HelperShader = new HelperShader(_device, this, _pipeline);
+            SyncManager = new SyncManager(this);
+        }
+
+        public void BackgroundContextAction(Action action, bool alwaysBackground = false)
+        {
+            // GetData methods should be thread safe, so we can call this directly.
+            // Texture copy (scaled) may also happen in here, so that should also be thread safe.
+
+            action();
+        }
+
+        public BufferHandle CreateBuffer(int size, BufferAccess access)
+        {
+            return BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(size);
+        }
+
+        public BufferHandle CreateBuffer(IntPtr pointer, int size)
+        {
+            return BufferManager.Create(pointer, size);
+        }
+
+        public BufferHandle CreateBufferSparse(ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> storageBuffers)
+        {
+            throw new NotImplementedException();
+        }
+
+        public IImageArray CreateImageArray(int size, bool isBuffer)
+        {
+            return new ImageArray(size, isBuffer, _pipeline);
+        }
+
+        public IProgram CreateProgram(ShaderSource[] shaders, ShaderInfo info)
+        {
+            ProgramCount++;
+            return new Program(this, _device, shaders, info.ResourceLayout, info.ComputeLocalSize);
+        }
+
+        public ISampler CreateSampler(SamplerCreateInfo info)
+        {
+            return new SamplerHolder(this, _device, info);
+        }
+
+        public ITexture CreateTexture(TextureCreateInfo info)
+        {
+            if (info.Target == Target.TextureBuffer)
+            {
+                return new TextureBuffer(_device, this, _pipeline, info);
+            }
+
+            return new Texture(_device, this, _pipeline, info);
+        }
+
+        public ITextureArray CreateTextureArray(int size, bool isBuffer)
+        {
+            return new TextureArray(size, isBuffer, _pipeline);
+        }
+
+        public bool PrepareHostMapping(IntPtr address, ulong size)
+        {
+            // TODO: Metal Host Mapping
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public void CreateSync(ulong id, bool strict)
+        {
+            SyncManager.Create(id, strict);
+        }
+
+        public void DeleteBuffer(BufferHandle buffer)
+        {
+            BufferManager.Delete(buffer);
+        }
+
+        public PinnedSpan<byte> GetBufferData(BufferHandle buffer, int offset, int size)
+        {
+            return BufferManager.GetData(buffer, offset, size);
+        }
+
+        public Capabilities GetCapabilities()
+        {
+            // TODO: Finalize these values
+            return new Capabilities(
+                api: TargetApi.Metal,
+                vendorName: HardwareInfoTools.GetVendor(),
+                SystemMemoryType.UnifiedMemory,
+                hasFrontFacingBug: false,
+                hasVectorIndexingBug: false,
+                needsFragmentOutputSpecialization: true,
+                reduceShaderPrecision: true,
+                supportsAstcCompression: true,
+                supportsBc123Compression: true,
+                supportsBc45Compression: true,
+                supportsBc67Compression: true,
+                supportsEtc2Compression: true,
+                supports3DTextureCompression: true,
+                supportsBgraFormat: true,
+                supportsR4G4Format: false,
+                supportsR4G4B4A4Format: true,
+                supportsScaledVertexFormats: false,
+                supportsSnormBufferTextureFormat: true,
+                supportsSparseBuffer: false,
+                supports5BitComponentFormat: true,
+                supportsBlendEquationAdvanced: false,
+                supportsFragmentShaderInterlock: true,
+                supportsFragmentShaderOrderingIntel: false,
+                supportsGeometryShader: false,
+                supportsGeometryShaderPassthrough: false,
+                supportsTransformFeedback: false,
+                supportsImageLoadFormatted: false,
+                supportsLayerVertexTessellation: false,
+                supportsMismatchingViewFormat: true,
+                supportsCubemapView: true,
+                supportsNonConstantTextureOffset: false,
+                supportsQuads: false,
+                supportsSeparateSampler: true,
+                supportsShaderBallot: false,
+                supportsShaderBarrierDivergence: false,
+                supportsShaderFloat64: false,
+                supportsTextureGatherOffsets: false,
+                supportsTextureShadowLod: false,
+                supportsVertexStoreAndAtomics: false,
+                supportsViewportIndexVertexTessellation: false,
+                supportsViewportMask: false,
+                supportsViewportSwizzle: false,
+                supportsIndirectParameters: true,
+                supportsDepthClipControl: false,
+                uniformBufferSetIndex: (int)Constants.ConstantBuffersSetIndex,
+                storageBufferSetIndex: (int)Constants.StorageBuffersSetIndex,
+                textureSetIndex: (int)Constants.TexturesSetIndex,
+                imageSetIndex: (int)Constants.ImagesSetIndex,
+                extraSetBaseIndex: TotalSets,
+                maximumExtraSets: (int)Constants.MaximumExtraSets,
+                maximumUniformBuffersPerStage: Constants.MaxUniformBuffersPerStage,
+                maximumStorageBuffersPerStage: Constants.MaxStorageBuffersPerStage,
+                maximumTexturesPerStage: Constants.MaxTexturesPerStage,
+                maximumImagesPerStage: Constants.MaxImagesPerStage,
+                maximumComputeSharedMemorySize: (int)_device.MaxThreadgroupMemoryLength,
+                maximumSupportedAnisotropy: 16,
+                shaderSubgroupSize: 256,
+                storageBufferOffsetAlignment: 16,
+                textureBufferOffsetAlignment: 16,
+                gatherBiasPrecision: 0,
+                maximumGpuMemory: 0
+            );
+        }
+
+        public ulong GetCurrentSync()
+        {
+            return SyncManager.GetCurrent();
+        }
+
+        public HardwareInfo GetHardwareInfo()
+        {
+            return new HardwareInfo(HardwareInfoTools.GetVendor(), HardwareInfoTools.GetModel(), "Apple");
+        }
+
+        public IProgram LoadProgramBinary(byte[] programBinary, bool hasFragmentShader, ShaderInfo info)
+        {
+            throw new NotImplementedException();
+        }
+
+        public void SetBufferData(BufferHandle buffer, int offset, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
+        {
+            BufferManager.SetData(buffer, offset, data, _pipeline.Cbs);
+        }
+
+        public void UpdateCounters()
+        {
+            // https://developer.apple.com/documentation/metal/gpu_counters_and_counter_sample_buffers/creating_a_counter_sample_buffer_to_store_a_gpu_s_counter_data_during_a_pass?language=objc
+        }
+
+        public void PreFrame()
+        {
+            SyncManager.Cleanup();
+        }
+
+        public ICounterEvent ReportCounter(CounterType type, EventHandler<ulong> resultHandler, float divisor, bool hostReserved)
+        {
+            // https://developer.apple.com/documentation/metal/gpu_counters_and_counter_sample_buffers/creating_a_counter_sample_buffer_to_store_a_gpu_s_counter_data_during_a_pass?language=objc
+            var counterEvent = new CounterEvent();
+            resultHandler?.Invoke(counterEvent, type == CounterType.SamplesPassed ? (ulong)1 : 0);
+            return counterEvent;
+        }
+
+        public void ResetCounter(CounterType type)
+        {
+            // https://developer.apple.com/documentation/metal/gpu_counters_and_counter_sample_buffers/creating_a_counter_sample_buffer_to_store_a_gpu_s_counter_data_during_a_pass?language=objc
+        }
+
+        public void WaitSync(ulong id)
+        {
+            SyncManager.Wait(id);
+        }
+
+        public void FlushAllCommands()
+        {
+            _pipeline.FlushCommandsImpl();
+        }
+
+        public void RegisterFlush()
+        {
+            SyncManager.RegisterFlush();
+
+            // Periodically free unused regions of the staging buffer to avoid doing it all at once.
+            BufferManager.StagingBuffer.FreeCompleted();
+        }
+
+        public void SetInterruptAction(Action<Action> interruptAction)
+        {
+            InterruptAction = interruptAction;
+        }
+
+        public void Screenshot()
+        {
+            // TODO: Screenshots
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            BackgroundResources.Dispose();
+
+            foreach (var program in Programs)
+            {
+                program.Dispose();
+            }
+
+            foreach (var sampler in Samplers)
+            {
+                sampler.Dispose();
+            }
+
+            _pipeline.Dispose();
+            _window.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/MultiFenceHolder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Holder for multiple host GPU fences.
+    /// </summary>
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class MultiFenceHolder
+    {
+        private const int BufferUsageTrackingGranularity = 4096;
+
+        private readonly FenceHolder[] _fences;
+        private readonly BufferUsageBitmap _bufferUsageBitmap;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new instance of the multiple fence holder.
+        /// </summary>
+        public MultiFenceHolder()
+        {
+            _fences = new FenceHolder[CommandBufferPool.MaxCommandBuffers];
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new instance of the multiple fence holder, with a given buffer size in mind.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the buffer</param>
+        public MultiFenceHolder(int size)
+        {
+            _fences = new FenceHolder[CommandBufferPool.MaxCommandBuffers];
+            _bufferUsageBitmap = new BufferUsageBitmap(size, BufferUsageTrackingGranularity);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds read/write buffer usage information to the uses list.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="cbIndex">Index of the command buffer where the buffer is used</param>
+        /// <param name="offset">Offset of the buffer being used</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the buffer region being used, in bytes</param>
+        /// <param name="write">Whether the access is a write or not</param>
+        public void AddBufferUse(int cbIndex, int offset, int size, bool write)
+        {
+            _bufferUsageBitmap.Add(cbIndex, offset, size, false);
+
+            if (write)
+            {
+                _bufferUsageBitmap.Add(cbIndex, offset, size, true);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Removes all buffer usage information for a given command buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="cbIndex">Index of the command buffer where the buffer is used</param>
+        public void RemoveBufferUses(int cbIndex)
+        {
+            _bufferUsageBitmap?.Clear(cbIndex);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Checks if a given range of a buffer is being used by a command buffer still being processed by the GPU.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="cbIndex">Index of the command buffer where the buffer is used</param>
+        /// <param name="offset">Offset of the buffer being used</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the buffer region being used, in bytes</param>
+        /// <returns>True if in use, false otherwise</returns>
+        public bool IsBufferRangeInUse(int cbIndex, int offset, int size)
+        {
+            return _bufferUsageBitmap.OverlapsWith(cbIndex, offset, size);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Checks if a given range of a buffer is being used by any command buffer still being processed by the GPU.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="offset">Offset of the buffer being used</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the buffer region being used, in bytes</param>
+        /// <param name="write">True if only write usages should count</param>
+        /// <returns>True if in use, false otherwise</returns>
+        public bool IsBufferRangeInUse(int offset, int size, bool write)
+        {
+            return _bufferUsageBitmap.OverlapsWith(offset, size, write);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds a fence to the holder.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="cbIndex">Command buffer index of the command buffer that owns the fence</param>
+        /// <param name="fence">Fence to be added</param>
+        /// <returns>True if the command buffer's previous fence value was null</returns>
+        public bool AddFence(int cbIndex, FenceHolder fence)
+        {
+            ref FenceHolder fenceRef = ref _fences[cbIndex];
+
+            if (fenceRef == null)
+            {
+                fenceRef = fence;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Removes a fence from the holder.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="cbIndex">Command buffer index of the command buffer that owns the fence</param>
+        public void RemoveFence(int cbIndex)
+        {
+            _fences[cbIndex] = null;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Determines if a fence referenced on the given command buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="cbIndex">Index of the command buffer to check if it's used</param>
+        /// <returns>True if referenced, false otherwise</returns>
+        public bool HasFence(int cbIndex)
+        {
+            return _fences[cbIndex] != null;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Wait until all the fences on the holder are signaled.
+        /// </summary>
+        public void WaitForFences()
+        {
+            WaitForFencesImpl(0, 0, true);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Wait until all the fences on the holder with buffer uses overlapping the specified range are signaled.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="offset">Start offset of the buffer range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the buffer range in bytes</param>
+        public void WaitForFences(int offset, int size)
+        {
+            WaitForFencesImpl(offset, size, true);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Wait until all the fences on the holder with buffer uses overlapping the specified range are signaled.
+        /// </summary>
+
+        // TODO: Add a proper timeout!
+        public bool WaitForFences(bool indefinite)
+        {
+            return WaitForFencesImpl(0, 0, indefinite);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Wait until all the fences on the holder with buffer uses overlapping the specified range are signaled.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="offset">Start offset of the buffer range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the buffer range in bytes</param>
+        /// <param name="indefinite">Indicates if this should wait indefinitely</param>
+        /// <returns>True if all fences were signaled before the timeout expired, false otherwise</returns>
+        private bool WaitForFencesImpl(int offset, int size, bool indefinite)
+        {
+            Span<FenceHolder> fenceHolders = new FenceHolder[CommandBufferPool.MaxCommandBuffers];
+
+            int count = size != 0 ? GetOverlappingFences(fenceHolders, offset, size) : GetFences(fenceHolders);
+            Span<MTLCommandBuffer> fences = stackalloc MTLCommandBuffer[count];
+
+            int fenceCount = 0;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                if (fenceHolders[i].TryGet(out MTLCommandBuffer fence))
+                {
+                    fences[fenceCount] = fence;
+
+                    if (fenceCount < i)
+                    {
+                        fenceHolders[fenceCount] = fenceHolders[i];
+                    }
+
+                    fenceCount++;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (fenceCount == 0)
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            bool signaled = true;
+
+            if (indefinite)
+            {
+                foreach (var fence in fences)
+                {
+                    fence.WaitUntilCompleted();
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                foreach (var fence in fences)
+                {
+                    if (fence.Status != MTLCommandBufferStatus.Completed)
+                    {
+                        signaled = false;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < fenceCount; i++)
+            {
+                fenceHolders[i].Put();
+            }
+
+            return signaled;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets fences to wait for.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="storage">Span to store fences in</param>
+        /// <returns>Number of fences placed in storage</returns>
+        private int GetFences(Span<FenceHolder> storage)
+        {
+            int count = 0;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < _fences.Length; i++)
+            {
+                var fence = _fences[i];
+
+                if (fence != null)
+                {
+                    storage[count++] = fence;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return count;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets fences to wait for use of a given buffer region.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="storage">Span to store overlapping fences in</param>
+        /// <param name="offset">Offset of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
+        /// <returns>Number of fences for the specified region placed in storage</returns>
+        private int GetOverlappingFences(Span<FenceHolder> storage, int offset, int size)
+        {
+            int count = 0;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < _fences.Length; i++)
+            {
+                var fence = _fences[i];
+
+                if (fence != null && _bufferUsageBitmap.OverlapsWith(i, offset, size))
+                {
+                    storage[count++] = fence;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return count;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/PersistentFlushBuffer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    internal class PersistentFlushBuffer : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+
+        private BufferHolder _flushStorage;
+
+        public PersistentFlushBuffer(MetalRenderer renderer)
+        {
+            _renderer = renderer;
+        }
+
+        private BufferHolder ResizeIfNeeded(int size)
+        {
+            var flushStorage = _flushStorage;
+
+            if (flushStorage == null || size > _flushStorage.Size)
+            {
+                flushStorage?.Dispose();
+
+                flushStorage = _renderer.BufferManager.Create(size);
+                _flushStorage = flushStorage;
+            }
+
+            return flushStorage;
+        }
+
+        public Span<byte> GetBufferData(CommandBufferPool cbp, BufferHolder buffer, int offset, int size)
+        {
+            var flushStorage = ResizeIfNeeded(size);
+            Auto<DisposableBuffer> srcBuffer;
+
+            using (var cbs = cbp.Rent())
+            {
+                srcBuffer = buffer.GetBuffer();
+                var dstBuffer = flushStorage.GetBuffer();
+
+                if (srcBuffer.TryIncrementReferenceCount())
+                {
+                    BufferHolder.Copy(cbs, srcBuffer, dstBuffer, offset, 0, size, registerSrcUsage: false);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    // Source buffer is no longer alive, don't copy anything to flush storage.
+                    srcBuffer = null;
+                }
+            }
+
+            flushStorage.WaitForFences();
+            srcBuffer?.DecrementReferenceCount();
+            return flushStorage.GetDataStorage(0, size);
+        }
+
+        public Span<byte> GetTextureData(CommandBufferPool cbp, Texture view, int size)
+        {
+            TextureCreateInfo info = view.Info;
+
+            var flushStorage = ResizeIfNeeded(size);
+
+            using (var cbs = cbp.Rent())
+            {
+                var buffer = flushStorage.GetBuffer().Get(cbs).Value;
+                var image = view.GetHandle();
+
+                view.CopyFromOrToBuffer(cbs, buffer, image, size, true, 0, 0, info.GetLayers(), info.Levels, singleSlice: false);
+            }
+
+            flushStorage.WaitForFences();
+            return flushStorage.GetDataStorage(0, size);
+        }
+
+        public Span<byte> GetTextureData(CommandBufferPool cbp, Texture view, int size, int layer, int level)
+        {
+            var flushStorage = ResizeIfNeeded(size);
+
+            using (var cbs = cbp.Rent())
+            {
+                var buffer = flushStorage.GetBuffer().Get(cbs).Value;
+                var image = view.GetHandle();
+
+                view.CopyFromOrToBuffer(cbs, buffer, image, size, true, layer, level, 1, 1, singleSlice: true);
+            }
+
+            flushStorage.WaitForFences();
+            return flushStorage.GetDataStorage(0, size);
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _flushStorage.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Pipeline.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,877 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader;
+using SharpMetal.Foundation;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using SharpMetal.QuartzCore;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    public enum EncoderType
+    {
+        Blit,
+        Compute,
+        Render,
+        None
+    }
+
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class Pipeline : IPipeline, IEncoderFactory, IDisposable
+    {
+        private const ulong MinByteWeightForFlush = 256 * 1024 * 1024; // MiB
+
+        private readonly MTLDevice _device;
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+        private EncoderStateManager _encoderStateManager;
+        private ulong _byteWeight;
+
+        public MTLCommandBuffer CommandBuffer;
+
+        public IndexBufferPattern QuadsToTrisPattern;
+        public IndexBufferPattern TriFanToTrisPattern;
+
+        internal CommandBufferScoped? PreloadCbs { get; private set; }
+        internal CommandBufferScoped Cbs { get; private set; }
+        internal CommandBufferEncoder Encoders => Cbs.Encoders;
+        internal EncoderType CurrentEncoderType => Encoders.CurrentEncoderType;
+
+        public Pipeline(MTLDevice device, MetalRenderer renderer)
+        {
+            _device = device;
+            _renderer = renderer;
+
+            renderer.CommandBufferPool.Initialize(this);
+
+            CommandBuffer = (Cbs = _renderer.CommandBufferPool.Rent()).CommandBuffer;
+        }
+
+        internal void InitEncoderStateManager(BufferManager bufferManager)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager = new EncoderStateManager(_device, bufferManager, this);
+
+            QuadsToTrisPattern = new IndexBufferPattern(_renderer, 4, 6, 0, [0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3], 4, false);
+            TriFanToTrisPattern = new IndexBufferPattern(_renderer, 3, 3, 2, [int.MinValue, -1, 0], 1, true);
+        }
+
+        public EncoderState SwapState(EncoderState state, DirtyFlags flags = DirtyFlags.All, bool endRenderPass = true)
+        {
+            if (endRenderPass && CurrentEncoderType == EncoderType.Render)
+            {
+                EndCurrentPass();
+            }
+
+            return _encoderStateManager.SwapState(state, flags);
+        }
+
+        public PredrawState SavePredrawState()
+        {
+            return _encoderStateManager.SavePredrawState();
+        }
+
+        public void RestorePredrawState(PredrawState state)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.RestorePredrawState(state);
+        }
+
+        public void SetClearLoadAction(bool clear)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.SetClearLoadAction(clear);
+        }
+
+        public MTLRenderCommandEncoder GetOrCreateRenderEncoder(bool forDraw = false)
+        {
+            // Mark all state as dirty to ensure it is set on the new encoder
+            if (Cbs.Encoders.CurrentEncoderType != EncoderType.Render)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.SignalRenderDirty();
+            }
+
+            if (forDraw)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.RenderResourcesPrepass();
+            }
+
+            MTLRenderCommandEncoder renderCommandEncoder = Cbs.Encoders.EnsureRenderEncoder();
+
+            if (forDraw)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.RebindRenderState(renderCommandEncoder);
+            }
+
+            return renderCommandEncoder;
+        }
+
+        public MTLBlitCommandEncoder GetOrCreateBlitEncoder()
+        {
+            return Cbs.Encoders.EnsureBlitEncoder();
+        }
+
+        public MTLComputeCommandEncoder GetOrCreateComputeEncoder(bool forDispatch = false)
+        {
+            // Mark all state as dirty to ensure it is set on the new encoder
+            if (Cbs.Encoders.CurrentEncoderType != EncoderType.Compute)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.SignalComputeDirty();
+            }
+
+            if (forDispatch)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.ComputeResourcesPrepass();
+            }
+
+            MTLComputeCommandEncoder computeCommandEncoder = Cbs.Encoders.EnsureComputeEncoder();
+
+            if (forDispatch)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.RebindComputeState(computeCommandEncoder);
+            }
+
+            return computeCommandEncoder;
+        }
+
+        public void EndCurrentPass()
+        {
+            Cbs.Encoders.EndCurrentPass();
+        }
+
+        public MTLRenderCommandEncoder CreateRenderCommandEncoder()
+        {
+            return _encoderStateManager.CreateRenderCommandEncoder();
+        }
+
+        public MTLComputeCommandEncoder CreateComputeCommandEncoder()
+        {
+            return _encoderStateManager.CreateComputeCommandEncoder();
+        }
+
+        public void Present(CAMetalDrawable drawable, Texture src, Extents2D srcRegion, Extents2D dstRegion, bool isLinear)
+        {
+            // TODO: Clean this up
+            var textureInfo = new TextureCreateInfo((int)drawable.Texture.Width, (int)drawable.Texture.Height, (int)drawable.Texture.Depth, (int)drawable.Texture.MipmapLevelCount, (int)drawable.Texture.SampleCount, 0, 0, 0, Format.B8G8R8A8Unorm, 0, Target.Texture2D, SwizzleComponent.Red, SwizzleComponent.Green, SwizzleComponent.Blue, SwizzleComponent.Alpha);
+            var dst = new Texture(_device, _renderer, this, textureInfo, drawable.Texture, 0, 0);
+
+            _renderer.HelperShader.BlitColor(Cbs, src, dst, srcRegion, dstRegion, isLinear, true);
+
+            EndCurrentPass();
+
+            Cbs.CommandBuffer.PresentDrawable(drawable);
+
+            FlushCommandsImpl();
+
+            // TODO: Auto flush counting
+            _renderer.SyncManager.GetAndResetWaitTicks();
+
+            // Cleanup
+            dst.Dispose();
+        }
+
+        public CommandBufferScoped GetPreloadCommandBuffer()
+        {
+            PreloadCbs ??= _renderer.CommandBufferPool.Rent();
+
+            return PreloadCbs.Value;
+        }
+
+        public void FlushCommandsIfWeightExceeding(IAuto disposedResource, ulong byteWeight)
+        {
+            bool usedByCurrentCb = disposedResource.HasCommandBufferDependency(Cbs);
+
+            if (PreloadCbs != null && !usedByCurrentCb)
+            {
+                usedByCurrentCb = disposedResource.HasCommandBufferDependency(PreloadCbs.Value);
+            }
+
+            if (usedByCurrentCb)
+            {
+                // Since we can only free memory after the command buffer that uses a given resource was executed,
+                // keeping the command buffer might cause a high amount of memory to be in use.
+                // To prevent that, we force submit command buffers if the memory usage by resources
+                // in use by the current command buffer is above a given limit, and those resources were disposed.
+                _byteWeight += byteWeight;
+
+                if (_byteWeight >= MinByteWeightForFlush)
+                {
+                    FlushCommandsImpl();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void FlushCommandsImpl()
+        {
+            EndCurrentPass();
+
+            _byteWeight = 0;
+
+            if (PreloadCbs != null)
+            {
+                PreloadCbs.Value.Dispose();
+                PreloadCbs = null;
+            }
+
+            CommandBuffer = (Cbs = _renderer.CommandBufferPool.ReturnAndRent(Cbs)).CommandBuffer;
+            _renderer.RegisterFlush();
+        }
+
+        public void DirtyTextures()
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.DirtyTextures();
+        }
+
+        public void DirtyImages()
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.DirtyImages();
+        }
+
+        public void Blit(
+            Texture src,
+            Texture dst,
+            Extents2D srcRegion,
+            Extents2D dstRegion,
+            bool isDepthOrStencil,
+            bool linearFilter)
+        {
+            if (isDepthOrStencil)
+            {
+                _renderer.HelperShader.BlitDepthStencil(Cbs, src, dst, srcRegion, dstRegion);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _renderer.HelperShader.BlitColor(Cbs, src, dst, srcRegion, dstRegion, linearFilter);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Barrier()
+        {
+            switch (CurrentEncoderType)
+            {
+                case EncoderType.Render:
+                    {
+                        var scope = MTLBarrierScope.Buffers | MTLBarrierScope.Textures | MTLBarrierScope.RenderTargets;
+                        MTLRenderStages stages = MTLRenderStages.RenderStageVertex | MTLRenderStages.RenderStageFragment;
+                        Encoders.RenderEncoder.MemoryBarrier(scope, stages, stages);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                case EncoderType.Compute:
+                    {
+                        var scope = MTLBarrierScope.Buffers | MTLBarrierScope.Textures | MTLBarrierScope.RenderTargets;
+                        Encoders.ComputeEncoder.MemoryBarrier(scope);
+                        break;
+                    }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void ClearBuffer(BufferHandle destination, int offset, int size, uint value)
+        {
+            var blitCommandEncoder = GetOrCreateBlitEncoder();
+
+            var mtlBuffer = _renderer.BufferManager.GetBuffer(destination, offset, size, true).Get(Cbs, offset, size, true).Value;
+
+            // Might need a closer look, range's count, lower, and upper bound
+            // must be a multiple of 4
+            blitCommandEncoder.FillBuffer(mtlBuffer,
+                new NSRange
+                {
+                    location = (ulong)offset,
+                    length = (ulong)size
+                },
+                (byte)value);
+        }
+
+        public void ClearRenderTargetColor(int index, int layer, int layerCount, uint componentMask, ColorF color)
+        {
+            float[] colors = [color.Red, color.Green, color.Blue, color.Alpha];
+            var dst = _encoderStateManager.RenderTargets[index];
+
+            // TODO: Remove workaround for Wonder which has an invalid texture due to unsupported format
+            if (dst == null)
+            {
+                Logger.Warning?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Gpu, "Attempted to clear invalid render target!");
+                return;
+            }
+
+            _renderer.HelperShader.ClearColor(index, colors, componentMask, dst.Width, dst.Height, dst.Info.Format);
+        }
+
+        public void ClearRenderTargetDepthStencil(int layer, int layerCount, float depthValue, bool depthMask, int stencilValue, int stencilMask)
+        {
+            var depthStencil = _encoderStateManager.DepthStencil;
+
+            if (depthStencil == null)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            _renderer.HelperShader.ClearDepthStencil(depthValue, depthMask, stencilValue, stencilMask, depthStencil.Width, depthStencil.Height);
+        }
+
+        public void CommandBufferBarrier()
+        {
+            Barrier();
+        }
+
+        public void CopyBuffer(BufferHandle src, BufferHandle dst, int srcOffset, int dstOffset, int size)
+        {
+            var srcBuffer = _renderer.BufferManager.GetBuffer(src, srcOffset, size, false);
+            var dstBuffer = _renderer.BufferManager.GetBuffer(dst, dstOffset, size, true);
+
+            BufferHolder.Copy(Cbs, srcBuffer, dstBuffer, srcOffset, dstOffset, size);
+        }
+
+        public void PushDebugGroup(string name)
+        {
+            var encoder = Encoders.CurrentEncoder;
+            var debugGroupName = StringHelper.NSString(name);
+
+            if (encoder == null)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            switch (Encoders.CurrentEncoderType)
+            {
+                case EncoderType.Render:
+                    encoder.Value.PushDebugGroup(debugGroupName);
+                    break;
+                case EncoderType.Blit:
+                    encoder.Value.PushDebugGroup(debugGroupName);
+                    break;
+                case EncoderType.Compute:
+                    encoder.Value.PushDebugGroup(debugGroupName);
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void PopDebugGroup()
+        {
+            var encoder = Encoders.CurrentEncoder;
+
+            if (encoder == null)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            switch (Encoders.CurrentEncoderType)
+            {
+                case EncoderType.Render:
+                    encoder.Value.PopDebugGroup();
+                    break;
+                case EncoderType.Blit:
+                    encoder.Value.PopDebugGroup();
+                    break;
+                case EncoderType.Compute:
+                    encoder.Value.PopDebugGroup();
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void DispatchCompute(int groupsX, int groupsY, int groupsZ)
+        {
+            DispatchCompute(groupsX, groupsY, groupsZ, String.Empty);
+        }
+
+        public void DispatchCompute(int groupsX, int groupsY, int groupsZ, string debugGroupName)
+        {
+            var computeCommandEncoder = GetOrCreateComputeEncoder(true);
+
+            ComputeSize localSize = _encoderStateManager.ComputeLocalSize;
+
+            if (debugGroupName != String.Empty)
+            {
+                PushDebugGroup(debugGroupName);
+            }
+
+            computeCommandEncoder.DispatchThreadgroups(
+                new MTLSize { width = (ulong)groupsX, height = (ulong)groupsY, depth = (ulong)groupsZ },
+                new MTLSize { width = (ulong)localSize.X, height = (ulong)localSize.Y, depth = (ulong)localSize.Z });
+
+            if (debugGroupName != String.Empty)
+            {
+                PopDebugGroup();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Draw(int vertexCount, int instanceCount, int firstVertex, int firstInstance)
+        {
+            Draw(vertexCount, instanceCount, firstVertex, firstInstance, String.Empty);
+        }
+
+        public void Draw(int vertexCount, int instanceCount, int firstVertex, int firstInstance, string debugGroupName)
+        {
+            if (vertexCount == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            var primitiveType = TopologyRemap(_encoderStateManager.Topology).Convert();
+
+            if (TopologyUnsupported(_encoderStateManager.Topology))
+            {
+                var pattern = GetIndexBufferPattern();
+
+                BufferHandle handle = pattern.GetRepeatingBuffer(vertexCount, out int indexCount);
+                var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.GetBuffer(handle, false);
+                var mtlBuffer = buffer.Get(Cbs, 0, indexCount * sizeof(int)).Value;
+
+                var renderCommandEncoder = GetOrCreateRenderEncoder(true);
+
+                renderCommandEncoder.DrawIndexedPrimitives(
+                    primitiveType,
+                    (ulong)indexCount,
+                    MTLIndexType.UInt32,
+                    mtlBuffer,
+                    0);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                var renderCommandEncoder = GetOrCreateRenderEncoder(true);
+
+                if (debugGroupName != String.Empty)
+                {
+                    PushDebugGroup(debugGroupName);
+                }
+
+                renderCommandEncoder.DrawPrimitives(
+                    primitiveType,
+                    (ulong)firstVertex,
+                    (ulong)vertexCount,
+                    (ulong)instanceCount,
+                    (ulong)firstInstance);
+
+                if (debugGroupName != String.Empty)
+                {
+                    PopDebugGroup();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private IndexBufferPattern GetIndexBufferPattern()
+        {
+            return _encoderStateManager.Topology switch
+            {
+                PrimitiveTopology.Quads => QuadsToTrisPattern,
+                PrimitiveTopology.TriangleFan or PrimitiveTopology.Polygon => TriFanToTrisPattern,
+                _ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Unsupported topology: {_encoderStateManager.Topology}"),
+            };
+        }
+
+        private PrimitiveTopology TopologyRemap(PrimitiveTopology topology)
+        {
+            return topology switch
+            {
+                PrimitiveTopology.Quads => PrimitiveTopology.Triangles,
+                PrimitiveTopology.QuadStrip => PrimitiveTopology.TriangleStrip,
+                PrimitiveTopology.TriangleFan or PrimitiveTopology.Polygon => PrimitiveTopology.Triangles,
+                _ => topology,
+            };
+        }
+
+        private bool TopologyUnsupported(PrimitiveTopology topology)
+        {
+            return topology switch
+            {
+                PrimitiveTopology.Quads or PrimitiveTopology.TriangleFan or PrimitiveTopology.Polygon => true,
+                _ => false,
+            };
+        }
+
+        public void DrawIndexed(int indexCount, int instanceCount, int firstIndex, int firstVertex, int firstInstance)
+        {
+            if (indexCount == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            MTLBuffer mtlBuffer;
+            int offset;
+            MTLIndexType type;
+            int finalIndexCount = indexCount;
+
+            var primitiveType = TopologyRemap(_encoderStateManager.Topology).Convert();
+
+            if (TopologyUnsupported(_encoderStateManager.Topology))
+            {
+                var pattern = GetIndexBufferPattern();
+                int convertedCount = pattern.GetConvertedCount(indexCount);
+
+                finalIndexCount = convertedCount;
+
+                (mtlBuffer, offset, type) = _encoderStateManager.IndexBuffer.GetConvertedIndexBuffer(_renderer, Cbs, firstIndex, indexCount, convertedCount, pattern);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                (mtlBuffer, offset, type) = _encoderStateManager.IndexBuffer.GetIndexBuffer(_renderer, Cbs);
+            }
+
+            if (mtlBuffer.NativePtr != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                var renderCommandEncoder = GetOrCreateRenderEncoder(true);
+
+                renderCommandEncoder.DrawIndexedPrimitives(
+                    primitiveType,
+                    (ulong)finalIndexCount,
+                    type,
+                    mtlBuffer,
+                    (ulong)offset,
+                    (ulong)instanceCount,
+                    firstVertex,
+                    (ulong)firstInstance);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void DrawIndexedIndirect(BufferRange indirectBuffer)
+        {
+            DrawIndexedIndirectOffset(indirectBuffer);
+        }
+
+        public void DrawIndexedIndirectOffset(BufferRange indirectBuffer, int offset = 0)
+        {
+            // TODO: Reindex unsupported topologies
+            if (TopologyUnsupported(_encoderStateManager.Topology))
+            {
+                Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Gpu, $"Drawing indexed with unsupported topology: {_encoderStateManager.Topology}");
+            }
+
+            var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager
+                .GetBuffer(indirectBuffer.Handle, indirectBuffer.Offset, indirectBuffer.Size, false)
+                .Get(Cbs, indirectBuffer.Offset, indirectBuffer.Size).Value;
+
+            var primitiveType = TopologyRemap(_encoderStateManager.Topology).Convert();
+
+            (MTLBuffer indexBuffer, int indexOffset, MTLIndexType type) = _encoderStateManager.IndexBuffer.GetIndexBuffer(_renderer, Cbs);
+
+            if (indexBuffer.NativePtr != IntPtr.Zero && buffer.NativePtr != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                var renderCommandEncoder = GetOrCreateRenderEncoder(true);
+
+                renderCommandEncoder.DrawIndexedPrimitives(
+                    primitiveType,
+                    type,
+                    indexBuffer,
+                    (ulong)indexOffset,
+                    buffer,
+                    (ulong)(indirectBuffer.Offset + offset));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void DrawIndexedIndirectCount(BufferRange indirectBuffer, BufferRange parameterBuffer, int maxDrawCount, int stride)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < maxDrawCount; i++)
+            {
+                DrawIndexedIndirectOffset(indirectBuffer, stride * i);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void DrawIndirect(BufferRange indirectBuffer)
+        {
+            DrawIndirectOffset(indirectBuffer);
+        }
+
+        public void DrawIndirectOffset(BufferRange indirectBuffer, int offset = 0)
+        {
+            if (TopologyUnsupported(_encoderStateManager.Topology))
+            {
+                // TODO: Reindex unsupported topologies
+                Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Gpu, $"Drawing indirect with unsupported topology: {_encoderStateManager.Topology}");
+            }
+
+            var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager
+                .GetBuffer(indirectBuffer.Handle, indirectBuffer.Offset, indirectBuffer.Size, false)
+                .Get(Cbs, indirectBuffer.Offset, indirectBuffer.Size).Value;
+
+            var primitiveType = TopologyRemap(_encoderStateManager.Topology).Convert();
+            var renderCommandEncoder = GetOrCreateRenderEncoder(true);
+
+            renderCommandEncoder.DrawPrimitives(
+                primitiveType,
+                buffer,
+                (ulong)(indirectBuffer.Offset + offset));
+        }
+
+        public void DrawIndirectCount(BufferRange indirectBuffer, BufferRange parameterBuffer, int maxDrawCount, int stride)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < maxDrawCount; i++)
+            {
+                DrawIndirectOffset(indirectBuffer, stride * i);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void DrawTexture(ITexture texture, ISampler sampler, Extents2DF srcRegion, Extents2DF dstRegion)
+        {
+            _renderer.HelperShader.DrawTexture(texture, sampler, srcRegion, dstRegion);
+        }
+
+        public void SetAlphaTest(bool enable, float reference, CompareOp op)
+        {
+            // This is currently handled using shader specialization, as Metal does not support alpha test.
+            // In the future, we may want to use this to write the reference value into the support buffer,
+            // to avoid creating one version of the shader per reference value used.
+        }
+
+        public void SetBlendState(AdvancedBlendDescriptor blend)
+        {
+            // Metal does not support advanced blend.
+        }
+
+        public void SetBlendState(int index, BlendDescriptor blend)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateBlendDescriptors(index, blend);
+        }
+
+        public void SetDepthBias(PolygonModeMask enables, float factor, float units, float clamp)
+        {
+            if (enables == 0)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.UpdateDepthBias(0, 0, 0);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.UpdateDepthBias(units, factor, clamp);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetDepthClamp(bool clamp)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateDepthClamp(clamp);
+        }
+
+        public void SetDepthMode(DepthMode mode)
+        {
+            // Metal does not support depth clip control.
+        }
+
+        public void SetDepthTest(DepthTestDescriptor depthTest)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateDepthState(depthTest);
+        }
+
+        public void SetFaceCulling(bool enable, Face face)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateCullMode(enable, face);
+        }
+
+        public void SetFrontFace(FrontFace frontFace)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateFrontFace(frontFace);
+        }
+
+        public void SetIndexBuffer(BufferRange buffer, IndexType type)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateIndexBuffer(buffer, type);
+        }
+
+        public void SetImage(ShaderStage stage, int binding, ITexture image)
+        {
+            if (image is TextureBase img)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.UpdateImage(stage, binding, img);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetImageArray(ShaderStage stage, int binding, IImageArray array)
+        {
+            if (array is ImageArray imageArray)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.UpdateImageArray(stage, binding, imageArray);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetImageArraySeparate(ShaderStage stage, int setIndex, IImageArray array)
+        {
+            if (array is ImageArray imageArray)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.UpdateImageArraySeparate(stage, setIndex, imageArray);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetLineParameters(float width, bool smooth)
+        {
+            // Metal does not support wide-lines.
+        }
+
+        public void SetLogicOpState(bool enable, LogicalOp op)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateLogicOpState(enable, op);
+        }
+
+        public void SetMultisampleState(MultisampleDescriptor multisample)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateMultisampleState(multisample);
+        }
+
+        public void SetPatchParameters(int vertices, ReadOnlySpan<float> defaultOuterLevel, ReadOnlySpan<float> defaultInnerLevel)
+        {
+            Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Gpu, "Not Implemented!");
+        }
+
+        public void SetPointParameters(float size, bool isProgramPointSize, bool enablePointSprite, Origin origin)
+        {
+            Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Gpu, "Not Implemented!");
+        }
+
+        public void SetPolygonMode(PolygonMode frontMode, PolygonMode backMode)
+        {
+            // Metal does not support polygon mode.
+        }
+
+        public void SetPrimitiveRestart(bool enable, int index)
+        {
+            // Always active for LineStrip and TriangleStrip
+            // https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/issues/1220#issuecomment-732483263
+            // https://developer.apple.com/documentation/metal/mtlrendercommandencoder/1515520-drawindexedprimitives
+            // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70813665/how-to-render-multiple-trianglestrips-using-metal
+
+            // Emulating disabling this is very difficult. It's unlikely for an index buffer to use the largest possible index,
+            // so it's fine nearly all of the time.
+        }
+
+        public void SetPrimitiveTopology(PrimitiveTopology topology)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdatePrimitiveTopology(topology);
+        }
+
+        public void SetProgram(IProgram program)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateProgram(program);
+        }
+
+        public void SetRasterizerDiscard(bool discard)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateRasterizerDiscard(discard);
+        }
+
+        public void SetRenderTargetColorMasks(ReadOnlySpan<uint> componentMask)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateRenderTargetColorMasks(componentMask);
+        }
+
+        public void SetRenderTargets(ITexture[] colors, ITexture depthStencil)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateRenderTargets(colors, depthStencil);
+        }
+
+        public void SetScissors(ReadOnlySpan<Rectangle<int>> regions)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateScissors(regions);
+        }
+
+        public void SetStencilTest(StencilTestDescriptor stencilTest)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateStencilState(stencilTest);
+        }
+
+        public void SetUniformBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateUniformBuffers(buffers);
+        }
+
+        public void SetStorageBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateStorageBuffers(buffers);
+        }
+
+        internal void SetStorageBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<Auto<DisposableBuffer>> buffers)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateStorageBuffers(first, buffers);
+        }
+
+        public void SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage stage, int binding, ITexture texture, ISampler sampler)
+        {
+            if (texture is TextureBase tex)
+            {
+                if (sampler == null || sampler is SamplerHolder)
+                {
+                    _encoderStateManager.UpdateTextureAndSampler(stage, binding, tex, (SamplerHolder)sampler);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetTextureArray(ShaderStage stage, int binding, ITextureArray array)
+        {
+            if (array is TextureArray textureArray)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.UpdateTextureArray(stage, binding, textureArray);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetTextureArraySeparate(ShaderStage stage, int setIndex, ITextureArray array)
+        {
+            if (array is TextureArray textureArray)
+            {
+                _encoderStateManager.UpdateTextureArraySeparate(stage, setIndex, textureArray);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetUserClipDistance(int index, bool enableClip)
+        {
+            // TODO. Same as Vulkan
+        }
+
+        public void SetVertexAttribs(ReadOnlySpan<VertexAttribDescriptor> vertexAttribs)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateVertexAttribs(vertexAttribs);
+        }
+
+        public void SetVertexBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<VertexBufferDescriptor> vertexBuffers)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateVertexBuffers(vertexBuffers);
+        }
+
+        public void SetViewports(ReadOnlySpan<Viewport> viewports)
+        {
+            _encoderStateManager.UpdateViewports(viewports);
+        }
+
+        public void TextureBarrier()
+        {
+            if (CurrentEncoderType == EncoderType.Render)
+            {
+                Encoders.RenderEncoder.MemoryBarrier(MTLBarrierScope.Textures, MTLRenderStages.RenderStageFragment, MTLRenderStages.RenderStageFragment);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void TextureBarrierTiled()
+        {
+            TextureBarrier();
+        }
+
+        public bool TryHostConditionalRendering(ICounterEvent value, ulong compare, bool isEqual)
+        {
+            // TODO: Implementable via indirect draw commands
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public bool TryHostConditionalRendering(ICounterEvent value, ICounterEvent compare, bool isEqual)
+        {
+            // TODO: Implementable via indirect draw commands
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public void EndHostConditionalRendering()
+        {
+            // TODO: Implementable via indirect draw commands
+        }
+
+        public void BeginTransformFeedback(PrimitiveTopology topology)
+        {
+            // Metal does not support transform feedback.
+        }
+
+        public void EndTransformFeedback()
+        {
+            // Metal does not support transform feedback.
+        }
+
+        public void SetTransformFeedbackBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)
+        {
+            // Metal does not support transform feedback.
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            EndCurrentPass();
+            _encoderStateManager.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader;
+using SharpMetal.Foundation;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class Program : IProgram
+    {
+        private ProgramLinkStatus _status;
+        private readonly ShaderSource[] _shaders;
+        private readonly GCHandle[] _handles;
+        private int _successCount;
+
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+
+        public MTLFunction VertexFunction;
+        public MTLFunction FragmentFunction;
+        public MTLFunction ComputeFunction;
+        public ComputeSize ComputeLocalSize { get; }
+
+        private HashTableSlim<PipelineUid, MTLRenderPipelineState> _graphicsPipelineCache;
+        private MTLComputePipelineState? _computePipelineCache;
+        private bool _firstBackgroundUse;
+
+        public ResourceBindingSegment[][] BindingSegments { get; }
+        // Argument buffer sizes for Vertex or Compute stages
+        public int[] ArgumentBufferSizes { get; }
+        // Argument buffer sizes for Fragment stage
+        public int[] FragArgumentBufferSizes { get; }
+
+        public Program(
+            MetalRenderer renderer,
+            MTLDevice device,
+            ShaderSource[] shaders,
+            ResourceLayout resourceLayout,
+            ComputeSize computeLocalSize = default)
+        {
+            _renderer = renderer;
+            renderer.Programs.Add(this);
+
+            ComputeLocalSize = computeLocalSize;
+            _shaders = shaders;
+            _handles = new GCHandle[_shaders.Length];
+
+            _status = ProgramLinkStatus.Incomplete;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < _shaders.Length; i++)
+            {
+                ShaderSource shader = _shaders[i];
+
+                using var compileOptions = new MTLCompileOptions
+                {
+                    PreserveInvariance = true,
+                    LanguageVersion = MTLLanguageVersion.Version31,
+                };
+                var index = i;
+
+                _handles[i] = device.NewLibrary(StringHelper.NSString(shader.Code), compileOptions, (library, error) => CompilationResultHandler(library, error, index));
+            }
+
+            (BindingSegments, ArgumentBufferSizes, FragArgumentBufferSizes) = BuildBindingSegments(resourceLayout.SetUsages);
+        }
+
+        public void CompilationResultHandler(MTLLibrary library, NSError error, int index)
+        {
+            var shader = _shaders[index];
+
+            if (_handles[index].IsAllocated)
+            {
+                _handles[index].Free();
+            }
+
+            if (error != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                Logger.Warning?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Gpu, shader.Code);
+                Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Gpu, $"{shader.Stage} shader linking failed: \n{StringHelper.String(error.LocalizedDescription)}");
+                _status = ProgramLinkStatus.Failure;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            switch (shader.Stage)
+            {
+                case ShaderStage.Compute:
+                    ComputeFunction = library.NewFunction(StringHelper.NSString("kernelMain"));
+                    break;
+                case ShaderStage.Vertex:
+                    VertexFunction = library.NewFunction(StringHelper.NSString("vertexMain"));
+                    break;
+                case ShaderStage.Fragment:
+                    FragmentFunction = library.NewFunction(StringHelper.NSString("fragmentMain"));
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Gpu, $"Cannot handle stage {shader.Stage}!");
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            _successCount++;
+
+            if (_successCount >= _shaders.Length && _status != ProgramLinkStatus.Failure)
+            {
+                _status = ProgramLinkStatus.Success;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static (ResourceBindingSegment[][], int[], int[]) BuildBindingSegments(ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceUsageCollection> setUsages)
+        {
+            ResourceBindingSegment[][] segments = new ResourceBindingSegment[setUsages.Count][];
+            int[] argBufferSizes = new int[setUsages.Count];
+            int[] fragArgBufferSizes = new int[setUsages.Count];
+
+            for (int setIndex = 0; setIndex < setUsages.Count; setIndex++)
+            {
+                List<ResourceBindingSegment> currentSegments = new();
+
+                ResourceUsage currentUsage = default;
+                int currentCount = 0;
+
+                for (int index = 0; index < setUsages[setIndex].Usages.Count; index++)
+                {
+                    ResourceUsage usage = setUsages[setIndex].Usages[index];
+
+                    if (currentUsage.Binding + currentCount != usage.Binding ||
+                        currentUsage.Type != usage.Type ||
+                        currentUsage.Stages != usage.Stages ||
+                        currentUsage.ArrayLength > 1 ||
+                        usage.ArrayLength > 1)
+                    {
+                        if (currentCount != 0)
+                        {
+                            currentSegments.Add(new ResourceBindingSegment(
+                                currentUsage.Binding,
+                                currentCount,
+                                currentUsage.Type,
+                                currentUsage.Stages,
+                                currentUsage.ArrayLength > 1));
+
+                            var size = currentCount * ResourcePointerSize(currentUsage.Type);
+                            if (currentUsage.Stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Fragment))
+                            {
+                                fragArgBufferSizes[setIndex] += size;
+                            }
+
+                            if (currentUsage.Stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Vertex) ||
+                                currentUsage.Stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Compute))
+                            {
+                                argBufferSizes[setIndex] += size;
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        currentUsage = usage;
+                        currentCount = usage.ArrayLength;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        currentCount++;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (currentCount != 0)
+                {
+                    currentSegments.Add(new ResourceBindingSegment(
+                        currentUsage.Binding,
+                        currentCount,
+                        currentUsage.Type,
+                        currentUsage.Stages,
+                        currentUsage.ArrayLength > 1));
+
+                    var size = currentCount * ResourcePointerSize(currentUsage.Type);
+                    if (currentUsage.Stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Fragment))
+                    {
+                        fragArgBufferSizes[setIndex] += size;
+                    }
+
+                    if (currentUsage.Stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Vertex) ||
+                        currentUsage.Stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Compute))
+                    {
+                        argBufferSizes[setIndex] += size;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                segments[setIndex] = currentSegments.ToArray();
+            }
+
+            return (segments, argBufferSizes, fragArgBufferSizes);
+        }
+
+        private static int ResourcePointerSize(ResourceType type)
+        {
+            return (type == ResourceType.TextureAndSampler ? 2 : 1);
+        }
+
+        public ProgramLinkStatus CheckProgramLink(bool blocking)
+        {
+            if (blocking)
+            {
+                while (_status == ProgramLinkStatus.Incomplete)
+                { }
+
+                return _status;
+            }
+
+            return _status;
+        }
+
+        public byte[] GetBinary()
+        {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        public void AddGraphicsPipeline(ref PipelineUid key, MTLRenderPipelineState pipeline)
+        {
+            (_graphicsPipelineCache ??= new()).Add(ref key, pipeline);
+        }
+
+        public void AddComputePipeline(MTLComputePipelineState pipeline)
+        {
+            _computePipelineCache = pipeline;
+        }
+
+        public bool TryGetGraphicsPipeline(ref PipelineUid key, out MTLRenderPipelineState pipeline)
+        {
+            if (_graphicsPipelineCache == null)
+            {
+                pipeline = default;
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            if (!_graphicsPipelineCache.TryGetValue(ref key, out pipeline))
+            {
+                if (_firstBackgroundUse)
+                {
+                    Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Gpu, "Background pipeline compile missed on draw - incorrect pipeline state?");
+                    _firstBackgroundUse = false;
+                }
+
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            _firstBackgroundUse = false;
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public bool TryGetComputePipeline(out MTLComputePipelineState pipeline)
+        {
+            if (_computePipelineCache.HasValue)
+            {
+                pipeline = _computePipelineCache.Value;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            pipeline = default;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (!_renderer.Programs.Remove(this))
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (_graphicsPipelineCache != null)
+            {
+                foreach (MTLRenderPipelineState pipeline in _graphicsPipelineCache.Values)
+                {
+                    pipeline.Dispose();
+                }
+            }
+
+            _computePipelineCache?.Dispose();
+
+            VertexFunction.Dispose();
+            FragmentFunction.Dispose();
+            ComputeFunction.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/ResourceBindingSegment.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    readonly struct ResourceBindingSegment
+    {
+        public readonly int Binding;
+        public readonly int Count;
+        public readonly ResourceType Type;
+        public readonly ResourceStages Stages;
+        public readonly bool IsArray;
+
+        public ResourceBindingSegment(int binding, int count, ResourceType type, ResourceStages stages, bool isArray)
+        {
+            Binding = binding;
+            Count = count;
+            Type = type;
+            Stages = stages;
+            IsArray = isArray;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/ResourceLayoutBuilder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class ResourceLayoutBuilder
+    {
+        private const int TotalSets = MetalRenderer.TotalSets;
+
+        private readonly List<ResourceDescriptor>[] _resourceDescriptors;
+        private readonly List<ResourceUsage>[] _resourceUsages;
+
+        public ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+        {
+            _resourceDescriptors = new List<ResourceDescriptor>[TotalSets];
+            _resourceUsages = new List<ResourceUsage>[TotalSets];
+
+            for (int index = 0; index < TotalSets; index++)
+            {
+                _resourceDescriptors[index] = new();
+                _resourceUsages[index] = new();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public ResourceLayoutBuilder Add(ResourceStages stages, ResourceType type, int binding, bool write = false)
+        {
+            uint setIndex = type switch
+            {
+                ResourceType.UniformBuffer => Constants.ConstantBuffersSetIndex,
+                ResourceType.StorageBuffer => Constants.StorageBuffersSetIndex,
+                ResourceType.TextureAndSampler or ResourceType.BufferTexture => Constants.TexturesSetIndex,
+                ResourceType.Image or ResourceType.BufferImage => Constants.ImagesSetIndex,
+                _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Invalid resource type \"{type}\"."),
+            };
+
+            _resourceDescriptors[setIndex].Add(new ResourceDescriptor(binding, 1, type, stages));
+            _resourceUsages[setIndex].Add(new ResourceUsage(binding, 1, type, stages, write));
+
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public ResourceLayout Build()
+        {
+            var descriptors = new ResourceDescriptorCollection[TotalSets];
+            var usages = new ResourceUsageCollection[TotalSets];
+
+            for (int index = 0; index < TotalSets; index++)
+            {
+                descriptors[index] = new ResourceDescriptorCollection(_resourceDescriptors[index].ToArray().AsReadOnly());
+                usages[index] = new ResourceUsageCollection(_resourceUsages[index].ToArray().AsReadOnly());
+            }
+
+            return new ResourceLayout(descriptors.AsReadOnly(), usages.AsReadOnly());
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+    <PropertyGroup>
+        <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
+    </PropertyGroup>
+
+    <ItemGroup>
+      <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Common\Ryujinx.Common.csproj" />
+      <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL\Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.csproj" />
+      <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions\Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal.SharpMetalExtensions.csproj" />
+    </ItemGroup>
+
+    <ItemGroup>
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\Blit.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\BlitMs.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\ChangeBufferStride.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\ConvertD32S8ToD24S8.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\ConvertIndexBuffer.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\ColorClear.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\DepthStencilClear.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\DepthBlit.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\DepthBlitMs.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\StencilBlit.metal" />
+      <EmbeddedResource Include="Shaders\StencilBlitMs.metal" />
+    </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/SamplerHolder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using SharpMetal.Metal;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    class SamplerHolder : ISampler
+    {
+        private readonly MetalRenderer _renderer;
+        private readonly Auto<DisposableSampler> _sampler;
+
+        public SamplerHolder(MetalRenderer renderer, MTLDevice device, SamplerCreateInfo info)
+        {
+            _renderer = renderer;
+
+            renderer.Samplers.Add(this);
+
+            (MTLSamplerMinMagFilter minFilter, MTLSamplerMipFilter mipFilter) = info.MinFilter.Convert();
+
+            MTLSamplerBorderColor borderColor = GetConstrainedBorderColor(info.BorderColor, out _);
+
+            using var descriptor = new MTLSamplerDescriptor
+            {
+                BorderColor = borderColor,
+                MinFilter = minFilter,
+                MagFilter = info.MagFilter.Convert(),
+                MipFilter = mipFilter,
+                CompareFunction = info.CompareOp.Convert(),
+                LodMinClamp = info.MinLod,
+                LodMaxClamp = info.MaxLod,
+                LodAverage = false,
+                MaxAnisotropy = Math.Max((uint)info.MaxAnisotropy, 1),
+                SAddressMode = info.AddressU.Convert(),
+                TAddressMode = info.AddressV.Convert(),
+                RAddressMode = info.AddressP.Convert(),
+                SupportArgumentBuffers = true
+            };
+
+            var sampler = device.NewSamplerState(descriptor);
+
+            _sampler = new Auto<DisposableSampler>(new DisposableSampler(sampler));
+        }
+
+        private static MTLSamplerBorderColor GetConstrainedBorderColor(ColorF arbitraryBorderColor, out bool cantConstrain)
+        {
+            float r = arbitraryBorderColor.Red;
+            float g = arbitraryBorderColor.Green;
+            float b = arbitraryBorderColor.Blue;
+            float a = arbitraryBorderColor.Alpha;
+
+            if (r == 0f && g == 0f && b == 0f)
+            {
+                if (a == 1f)
+                {
+                    cantConstrain = false;
+                    return MTLSamplerBorderColor.OpaqueBlack;
+                }
+
+                if (a == 0f)
+                {
+                    cantConstrain = false;
+                    return MTLSamplerBorderColor.TransparentBlack;
+                }
+            }
+            else if (r == 1f && g == 1f && b == 1f && a == 1f)
+            {
+                cantConstrain = false;
+                return MTLSamplerBorderColor.OpaqueWhite;
+            }
+
+            cantConstrain = true;
+            return MTLSamplerBorderColor.OpaqueBlack;
+        }
+
+        public Auto<DisposableSampler> GetSampler()
+        {
+            return _sampler;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (_renderer.Samplers.Remove(this))
+            {
+                _sampler.Dispose();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Shaders/Blit.metal

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <metal_stdlib>
+
+using namespace metal;
+
+struct CopyVertexOut {
+    float4 position [[position]];
+    float2 uv;
+};
+
+struct TexCoords {
+    float data[4];
+};
+
+struct ConstantBuffers {
+    constant TexCoords* tex_coord;
+};
+
+struct Textures
+{
+    texture2d<FORMAT, access::sample> texture;
+    sampler sampler;
+};
+
+vertex CopyVertexOut vertexMain(uint vid [[vertex_id]],
+                                constant ConstantBuffers &constant_buffers [[buffer(CONSTANT_BUFFERS_INDEX)]]) {
+    CopyVertexOut out;
+
+    int low = vid & 1;
+    int high = vid >> 1;
+    out.uv.x = constant_buffers.tex_coord->data[low];
+    out.uv.y = constant_buffers.tex_coord->data[2 + high];
+    out.position.x = (float(low) - 0.5f) * 2.0f;
+    out.position.y = (float(high) - 0.5f) * 2.0f;
+    out.position.z = 0.0f;
+    out.position.w = 1.0f;
+
+    return out;
+}
+
+fragment FORMAT4 fragmentMain(CopyVertexOut in [[stage_in]],
+                             constant Textures &textures [[buffer(TEXTURES_INDEX)]]) {
+    return textures.texture.sample(textures.sampler, in.uv);
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Shaders/BlitMs.metal

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include <metal_stdlib>
+
+using namespace metal;
+
+struct CopyVertexOut {
+    float4 position [[position]];
+    float2 uv;
+};
+
+struct TexCoords {
+    float data[4];
+};
+
+struct ConstantBuffers {
+    constant TexCoords* tex_coord;
+};
+
+struct Textures
+{
+    texture2d_ms<FORMAT, access::read> texture;
+};
+
+vertex CopyVertexOut vertexMain(uint vid [[vertex_id]],
+                                constant ConstantBuffers &constant_buffers [[buffer(CONSTANT_BUFFERS_INDEX)]]) {
+    CopyVertexOut out;
+
+    int low = vid & 1;
+    int high = vid >> 1;
+    out.uv.x = constant_buffers.tex_coord->data[low];
+    out.uv.y = constant_buffers.tex_coord->data[2 + high];
+    out.position.x = (float(low) - 0.5f) * 2.0f;
+    out.position.y = (float(high) - 0.5f) * 2.0f;
+    out.position.z = 0.0f;
+    out.position.w = 1.0f;
+
+    return out;
+}
+
+fragment FORMAT4 fragmentMain(CopyVertexOut in [[stage_in]],
+                             constant Textures &textures [[buffer(TEXTURES_INDEX)]],
+                             uint sample_id [[sample_id]]) {
+    uint2 tex_size = uint2(textures.texture.get_width(), textures.texture.get_height());
+    uint2 tex_coord = uint2(in.uv * float2(tex_size));
+    return textures.texture.read(tex_coord, sample_id);
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Metal/Shaders/ChangeBufferStride.metal

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#include <metal_stdlib>
+
+using namespace metal;
+
+struct StrideArguments {
+    int4 data;
+};
+
+struct InData {
+    uint8_t data[1];
+};
+
+struct OutData {
+    uint8_t data[1];
+};
+
+struct ConstantBuffers {
+    constant StrideArguments* stride_arguments;
+};
+
+struct StorageBuffers {
+    device InData* in_data;
+    device OutData* out_data;
+};
+
+kernel void kernelMain(constant ConstantBuffers &constant_buffers [[buffer(CONSTANT_BUFFERS_INDEX)]],
+                       device StorageBuffers &storage_buffers [[buffer(STORAGE_BUFFERS_INDEX)]],
+                       uint3 thread_position_in_grid [[thread_position_in_grid]],
+                       uint3 threads_per_threadgroup [[threads_per_threadgroup]],
+                       uint3 threadgroups_per_grid [[threadgroups_per_grid]])
+{
+    // Determine what slice of the stride copies this invocation will perform.
+
+    int sourceStride = constant_buffers.stride_arguments->data.x;
+    int targetStride = constant_buffers.stride_arguments->data.y;
+    int bufferSize = constant_buffers.stride_arguments->data.z;
+    int sourceOffset = constant_buffers.stride_arguments->data.w;
+
+    int strideRemainder = targetStride - sourceStride;
+    int invocations = int(threads_per_threadgroup.x * threadgroups_per_grid.x);
+
+    int copiesRequired = bufferSize / sourceStride;
+
+    // Find the copies that this invocation should perform.
+
+    // - Copies that all invocations perform.
+    int allInvocationCopies = copiesRequired / invocations;
+
+    // - Extra remainder copy that this invocation performs.
+    int index = int(thread_position_in_grid.x);
+    int extra = (index < (copiesRequired % invocations)) ? 1 : 0;
+
+    int copyCount = allInvocationCopies + extra;
+
+    // Finally, get the starting offset. Make sure to count extra copies.
+
+    int startCopy = allInvocationCopies * index + min(copiesRequired % invocations, index);
+
+    int srcOffset = sourceOffset + startCopy * sourceStride;
+    int dstOffset = startCopy * targetStride;
+
+    // Perform the copies for this region
+    for (int i = 0; i < copyCount; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < sourceStride; j++) {
+            storage_buffers.out_data->data[dstOffset++] = storage_buffers.in_data->data[srcOffset++];
+        }
+
+        for (int j = 0; j < strideRemainder; j++) {
+            storage_buffers.out_data->data[dstOffset++] = uint8_t(0);
+        }
+    }
+}